Malcolm Robert, LaRowe Steven, Cochran Kristi, Moak Darlene, Herron Janice, Brady Kathleen, Hedden Sarra, Woolson Robert, Halushka Perry
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
J Subst Abuse Treat. 2005 Mar;28(2):197-204. doi: 10.1016/j.jsat.2004.12.006.
Preclinical models of cocaine dependence have shown favorable reductions in cocaine use using dihydropyridine calcium channel antagonists. This is one of the first reports testing the efficacy of the long-acting calcium channel antagonist, amlodipine, for the treatment of cocaine dependence. This was a 12-week, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel patient group trial of amlodipine vs. placebo for the treatment of cocaine dependence. One hundred and sixteen subjects participated in a 12-week medication trial in which 60 subjects received medication and 56 received placebo. Subjects in both groups received up to 12 standard manual-driven cognitive behavioral therapy sessions. Overall, drop-out rate for both groups was high, with only about 20% of subjects completing all 12 weeks of treatment. Both groups showed comparable levels of medication compliance and therapy attendance. In the end, amlodipine was no more effective than placebo in reducing craving or measured levels of cocaine use.
可卡因依赖的临床前模型显示，使用二氢吡啶钙通道拮抗剂可使可卡因使用量显著减少。这是首批测试长效钙通道拮抗剂氨氯地平治疗可卡因依赖疗效的报告之一。这是一项为期12周的双盲、随机、安慰剂对照、平行患者组试验，比较氨氯地平和安慰剂治疗可卡因依赖的效果。116名受试者参加了为期12周的药物试验，其中60名受试者接受药物治疗，56名接受安慰剂治疗。两组受试者均接受了多达12次标准的手动认知行为治疗。总体而言，两组的脱落率都很高，只有约20%的受试者完成了全部12周的治疗。两组的药物依从性和治疗出勤率相当。最终，氨氯地平在减少渴望或测量的可卡因使用量方面并不比安慰剂更有效。
