Nicolas P, Ait M'barek N, Al-Awaidy S, Al Busaidy S, Sulaiman N, Issa M, Mahjour J, Mölling P, Caugant D A, Olcén P, Santamaria M
WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Meningococci, 13998 Marseilles, France.
APMIS. 2005 Mar;113(3):182-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2005.apm1130305.x.
In 2000 the global outbreak that began in Saudi Arabia was caused by a W135:2a:P1.5,2 strain of Neisseria meningitidis belonging to the ET-37 complex and to ST-11. There was concern that introduction of this epidemic clone (EC) might lead to a wave of outbreaks in the African meningitis belt. The WHO therefore initiated studies of meningococcal carriage among pilgrims and their family contacts in Morocco, Oman and Sudan, 3 to 12 months after the Hajj 2000. In Morocco, 1186 persons were swabbed 3 times. Ninety-five meningococcal strains were isolated from 2.7% of the specimens. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis showed that 32 (33.6%) were identical with the EC. In Sudan, 5 strains identical with the EC were obtained after sampling 285 persons. In Oman, among 18 meningococcal strains isolated from 399 subjects, 11 (61.1%) belonged to the EC. The important pharyngeal carriage of W135 (EC) and its role in the 2001-2002 outbreaks in Burkina Faso argues for the necessity of reinforcing surveillance, and adapting and planning responses in Africa and the Middle East using the most appropriate vaccine.
2000年始于沙特阿拉伯的全球疫情是由一株属于ET-37复合体和ST-11的W135:2a:P1.5,2型脑膜炎奈瑟菌引起的。有人担心这种流行克隆株（EC）的传入可能会在非洲脑膜炎带引发一波疫情。因此，世界卫生组织在2000年朝觐后的3至12个月，对摩洛哥、阿曼和苏丹的朝圣者及其家庭接触者中的脑膜炎球菌携带情况展开了研究。在摩洛哥，对1186人进行了3次拭子采样。从2.7%的样本中分离出95株脑膜炎球菌菌株。脉冲场凝胶电泳显示，其中32株（33.6%）与流行克隆株相同。在苏丹，对285人采样后获得了5株与流行克隆株相同的菌株。在阿曼，从399名受试者中分离出的18株脑膜炎球菌菌株中，11株（61.1%）属于流行克隆株。W135（流行克隆株）在咽部的重要携带情况及其在布基纳法索2001 - 2002年疫情中的作用表明，有必要加强监测，并在非洲和中东地区使用最合适的疫苗来调整和规划应对措施。
