Weidemann Gabrielle, Kehoe E James
School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
Learn Behav. 2004 Nov;32(4):409-26. doi: 10.3758/bf03196038.
Three experiments demonstrated that, following the extinction of an established conditioned stimulus (CSA--e.g., tone), the pairing of a novel, cross-modal stimulus (CSB--e.g., light) with the unconditioned stimulus (US) results in strong recovery of responding to the extinguished CSA. Experiment 1 demonstrated that the recovery of responding to CSA is not the result of US reinstatement but is attributable to pairings of CSB with the US. Experiment 2 demonstrated that the recovery of responding is specific to CSA and is not the result of cross-modal generalization. Experiment 3 revealed that a large number of CSB-US pairings in Stage 1 significantly reduced the amount of recovery to CSA during subsequent CSB-US trials. Experiment 3 also provided unexpected evidence of cross-modal secondary extinction. The extinction and subsequent recovery of responding seen in the present experiments is discussed with respect to possible contributions from contextual associations, CS processing, US processing, conditioned response expression, and layered excitatory associations.
三项实验表明，在已建立的条件刺激（CSA，例如音调）消退后，将一种新的跨模态刺激（CSB，例如光）与无条件刺激（US）配对会导致对消退的CSA的反应强烈恢复。实验1表明，对CSA反应的恢复不是US恢复的结果，而是归因于CSB与US的配对。实验2表明，反应的恢复是CSA特有的，不是跨模态泛化的结果。实验3显示，在第一阶段大量的CSB-US配对显著减少了随后CSB-US试验中对CSA的恢复量。实验3还提供了跨模态二级消退的意外证据。本文从情境联想、CS加工、US加工、条件反应表达和分层兴奋性联想等可能的贡献方面讨论了本实验中观察到的反应消退和随后的恢复。
