Pearce Mark S, Birrell Fraser N, Francis Roger M, Rawlings David J, Tuck Stephen P, Parker Louise
School of Clinical Medical Sciences, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Sir James Spence Institute of Child Health, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 4LP, UK.
J Epidemiol Community Health. 2005 Jun;59(6):475-80. doi: 10.1136/jech.2004.025999.
To quantify the direct and indirect effects of fetal (position in family, weight, and social class at birth), childhood (breast feeding, growth, infections, and social class in childhood, age at menarche), and adult life (social class, alcohol consumption, smoking, diet, reproductive history, exercise, hormone replacement therapy use), and adult size (height, weight) on bone health at age 49-51 years, as measured by bone mineral density, total scanned bone area of the hip and lumbar spine, and femoral neck shaft angle.
Follow up study of the Newcastle thousand families birth cohort established in 1947.
171 men and 218 women who attended for dual energy x ray absorptiometry scanning.
Fetal life explained around 6% of variation in adult bone mineral density for men, but accounted for less than 1% for women. Adult lifestyle, including effects mediated through adult weight accounted for over 10% of variation in density for men and around 6% for women. Almost half of variation in bone area for men was explained by early life. However, most of this was mediated through achieved adult height and weight. In women, less than 5% of variation in bone area was accounted for by early life, after adjusting for adult size. Most of the variation in each of the indicators for both sexes was contributed either directly or indirectly by adult lifestyle and achieved adult height and weight.
The effect of fetal life on bone health in adulthood seems to be mediated through achieved adult height.
通过骨密度、髋部和腰椎的总扫描骨面积以及股骨颈干角来量化胎儿期（家庭排行、出生体重和社会阶层）、儿童期（母乳喂养、生长、感染、儿童期社会阶层、初潮年龄）和成年期（社会阶层、饮酒、吸烟、饮食、生殖史、运动、激素替代疗法使用）以及成年体型（身高、体重）对49 - 51岁时骨骼健康的直接和间接影响。
对1947年建立的纽卡斯尔千户家庭出生队列进行随访研究。
171名男性和218名女性接受了双能X线吸收测定扫描。
胎儿期生活解释了男性成年骨密度约6%的变异，但对女性的解释不到1%。成年生活方式，包括通过成年体重介导的影响，解释了男性骨密度变异的10%以上，女性约6%。男性骨面积变异的近一半由早期生活解释。然而，这大部分是通过成年后的身高和体重介导的。在女性中，调整成年体型后，早期生活对骨面积变异的解释不到5%。男女各项指标的大部分变异直接或间接地由成年生活方式以及成年后的身高和体重所致。
胎儿期生活对成年期骨骼健康的影响似乎是通过成年后的身高介导的。
