Lau Yu Lung, Peiris J S Malik
Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Room 117 New Clinical Building, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong.
Curr Opin Immunol. 2005 Aug;17(4):404-10. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2005.05.009.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a zoonotic infectious disease caused by a novel coronavirus (CoV). The tissue tropism of SARS-CoV includes not only the lung, but also the gastrointestinal tract, kidney and liver. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), the C-type lectin CD209L (also known L-SIGN), and DC-SIGN bind SARS-CoV, but ACE2 appears to be the key functional receptor for the virus. There is a prominent innate immune response to SARS-CoV infection, including acute-phase proteins, chemokines, inflammatory cytokines and C-type lectins such as mannose-binding lectin, which plays a protective role against SARS. By contrast there may be a lack of type 1 interferon response. Moreover, lymphopenia with decreased numbers of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells is common during the acute phase. Convalescent patients have IgG-class neutralizing antibodies that recognize amino acids 441-700 of the spike protein (S protein) as the major epitope.
严重急性呼吸系统综合征（SARS）是一种由新型冠状病毒（CoV）引起的人畜共患传染病。SARS-CoV的组织嗜性不仅包括肺，还包括胃肠道、肾脏和肝脏。血管紧张素转换酶2（ACE2）、C型凝集素CD209L（也称为L-SIGN）和DC-SIGN可结合SARS-CoV，但ACE2似乎是该病毒的关键功能性受体。对SARS-CoV感染存在显著的先天性免疫反应，包括急性期蛋白、趋化因子、炎性细胞因子和C型凝集素，如甘露糖结合凝集素，其对SARS起保护作用。相比之下，可能缺乏1型干扰素反应。此外，急性期常见淋巴细胞减少，CD4+和CD8+T细胞数量减少。康复患者具有IgG类中和抗体，可识别刺突蛋白（S蛋白）441-700位氨基酸作为主要表位。
