Halet Guillaume
Department of Physiology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
Biol Cell. 2005 Jul;97(7):501-18. doi: 10.1042/BC20040080.
Phosphoinositides are important regulators of cellular homoeostasis and numerous signal-transduction pathways. One of their major features is their ability to recruit signalling proteins to membranes by direct interaction with phosphoinositide-binding modules. The distribution and dynamics of membrane phosphoinositides are therefore major determinants in the spatiotemporal control of cell signalling and membrane trafficking. However, standard biochemical approaches cannot reveal the dynamics of phosphoinositides at the single-cell level. A major technical advance has been the development of genetically encoded fluorescent phosphoinositide probes on the basis of the phosphoinositide-binding domains found in signalling proteins, such as the PH (pleckstrin homology) domain. This review describes the diverse fluorescent phosphoinositide probes available for imaging specific phosphoinositide species and how their use has improved the understanding of phosphoinositide signalling at the single-cell level.
磷脂酰肌醇是细胞内稳态和众多信号转导途径的重要调节因子。它们的主要特征之一是能够通过与磷脂酰肌醇结合模块直接相互作用，将信号蛋白招募到细胞膜上。因此，膜磷脂酰肌醇的分布和动态变化是细胞信号传导和膜运输时空控制的主要决定因素。然而，标准的生化方法无法揭示单细胞水平上磷脂酰肌醇的动态变化。一项重大的技术进步是基于信号蛋白中发现的磷脂酰肌醇结合结构域，如PH（普列克底物蛋白同源）结构域，开发了基因编码的荧光磷脂酰肌醇探针。本综述描述了可用于对特定磷脂酰肌醇种类进行成像的多种荧光磷脂酰肌醇探针，以及它们的使用如何增进了我们对单细胞水平上磷脂酰肌醇信号传导的理解。
