Timpka T, Lindqvist K, Ekstrand J, Karlsson N
Linköping University, Department of Health and Society, Linköping SE 58185, Sweden.
Br J Sports Med. 2005 Jul;39(7):453-7. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.2004.014472.
As physical activity is promoted as part of a healthy lifestyle, sports injuries are becoming an important public health concern in many countries. The objective of this study is to investigate rates of sports injuries before and after implementation of a WHO Safe Community program.
Sports injury data were collected pre- and post-implementation from all individuals below 65 years of age during 1 year in the targeted municipality (population 41,000) and in a control municipality (population 26,000). A quasi-experimental design was used and individuals were divided into three categories based on household relationship to the labour market.
There were no differences between socio-economic categories regarding pre-intervention injury rates. No statistically significant post-intervention changes in injury rate were observed in the control area or among any females in either area. In the intervention area, a statistically significant (p = 0.011) decrease in injury rate was observed among male members of households in which the vocationally important member was employed. A statistically significant decrease was observed in injuries sustained in team sports among male members of households in which the vocationally important member was employed (p = 0.001) and among members of households in which the vocationally important member was self employed (p<0.05).
The study indicates areas for improvement in the civic network based WHO Safe Community model. The results show that females, participants in individual sports, and members of non-vocationally active households were less affected by the interventions. These facts have to be addressed in planning future community based sports injury prevention programmes and their evaluations.
由于体育活动被倡导为健康生活方式的一部分，运动损伤在许多国家正成为一个重要的公共卫生问题。本研究的目的是调查世界卫生组织安全社区项目实施前后的运动损伤发生率。
在目标市（人口41000）和对照市（人口26000），对65岁以下所有个体在1年时间内实施项目前后的运动损伤数据进行收集。采用准实验设计，根据家庭与劳动力市场的关系将个体分为三类。
干预前损伤发生率在社会经济类别之间没有差异。在对照地区或任一地区的所有女性中，干预后损伤发生率没有观察到统计学上的显著变化。在干预地区，在职业重要成员受雇的家庭中的男性成员中，观察到损伤发生率有统计学上的显著下降（p = 0.011）。在职业重要成员受雇的家庭中的男性成员中（p = 0.001）以及职业重要成员为个体经营者的家庭中的成员中（p<0.05），团队运动中遭受的损伤有统计学上的显著下降。
该研究指出了基于公民网络的世界卫生组织安全社区模式中有待改进的方面。结果表明，女性、个人运动参与者以及非职业活跃家庭的成员受干预的影响较小。在规划未来基于社区运动损伤预防项目及其评估时，必须考虑到这些因素。
