Petti Stefano, Scully Crispian
Department of Public Health Sciences, G. Sanarelli, University, La Sapienza, Rome, Italy.
Oral Oncol. 2005 Sep;41(8):828-34. doi: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2005.04.004.
The unclear association between different nation-based alcohol-drinking profiles and oral cancer mortality was investigated using, as observational units, 20 countries from Europe, Northern America, Far Eastern Asia, with cross-nationally comparable data. Stepwise multiple regression analyses were run with male age-standardised, mortality rate (ASMR) as explanatory variable and annual adult alcohol consumption, adult smoking prevalence, life expectancy, as explanatory. Large between-country differences in ASMR (range, 0.88-6.87 per 100,000) were found, but the mean value was similar to the global estimate (3.31 vs. 3.09 per 100,000). Differences in alcohol consumption (2.06-21.03 annual litres per capita) and in distribution between beverages were reported. Wine was the most prevalent alcoholic beverage in 45% of cases. Significant increases in ASMR for every litre of pure ethanol (0.15 per 100,000; 95 CI, 0.01-0.29) and spirits (0.26 per 100,000; 95 CI, 0.03-0.49), non-significant effects for beer and wine were estimated. The impact of alcohol on oral cancer deaths would be higher than expected and the drinking profile could affect cancer mortality, probably because of the different drinking pattern of spirit drinkers, usually consuming huge alcohol quantities on single occasions, and the different concentrations of ethanol and cancer-preventing compounds such as polyphenols, in the various beverages.
利用来自欧洲、北美、远东亚洲的20个国家具有跨国可比性的数据作为观察单位，研究了不同国家饮酒模式与口腔癌死亡率之间不明确的关联。以男性年龄标准化死亡率（ASMR）作为解释变量，以成人年酒精消费量、成人吸烟率、预期寿命作为解释变量，进行逐步多元回归分析。发现各国之间的ASMR存在很大差异（范围为每10万人0.88 - 6.87），但其平均值与全球估计值相似（每10万人3.31对3.09）。报告了酒精消费量（人均每年2.06 - 21.03升）以及饮料之间分布的差异。在45%的情况下，葡萄酒是最普遍的酒精饮料。估计每升纯乙醇（每10万人0.15；95%置信区间，0.01 - 0.29）和烈酒（每10万人0.26；95%置信区间，0.03 - 0.49）导致ASMR显著增加，而啤酒和葡萄酒的影响不显著。酒精对口腔癌死亡的影响可能高于预期，饮酒模式可能会影响癌症死亡率，这可能是因为烈酒饮用者的饮酒模式不同，通常单次大量饮酒，以及不同饮料中乙醇和防癌化合物（如多酚）的浓度不同。
