Cuperlovic K, Djordjevic M, Pavlovic S
Institute of Meat Technology and Hygiene, 11000 Beograd, Kacanskog 13, Serbia and Montenegro.
Vet Parasitol. 2005 Sep 5;132(1-2):159-66. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2005.05.047.
The countries of southeastern Europe including the Balkan region and bordering countries - Albania, Bulgaria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Greece, Hungary, Macedonia, Romania, Serbia and Montenegro, Slovenia, and the European part of Turkey - occupy a very important strategic position and represent a land bridge between Europe and Asia. In the majority of southeastern European countries, cases of trichinellosis among the human and animal populations were described in the late 19th or early 20th centuries. Trichinella infections among wildlife were also described in the aforementioned countries. Today, the prevalence of trichinellosis is different between the Balkans and bordering countries. A high prevalence of trichinellosis in domestic animals and humans has been reported in Bulgaria, Serbia and Montenegro, Romania and Croatia. A moderate prevalence was found in Bosnia and Herzegovina. In Hungary, human trichinellosis has not been present for a long period of time. However, sporadic cases were recorded in swine over the last 2 years. Trichinellosis has not been found among domestic animals and humans in Greece and Macedonia in recent years while in Turkey and Slovenia human trichinellosis is sporadic. The re-emergence of trichinellosis is connected with the changes in the social and political systems in Bulgaria and Romania. In Serbia and Montenegro as well in Croatia, however, a re-emergence of trichinellosis was due not only to political and social changes but also to wars that took place in these countries during the last years of the 20th century. Social, economic and political factors responsible for the re-emergence of trichinellosis in southeast European countries are discussed in this communication.
东南欧国家，包括巴尔干地区及周边国家——阿尔巴尼亚、保加利亚、波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那、克罗地亚、希腊、匈牙利、马其顿、罗马尼亚、塞尔维亚和黑山、斯洛文尼亚以及土耳其的欧洲部分——占据着非常重要的战略地位，是欧洲与亚洲之间的陆上桥梁。在大多数东南欧国家，19世纪末或20世纪初就有关于人和动物旋毛虫病病例的描述。上述国家也报道过野生动物中的旋毛虫感染情况。如今，巴尔干地区和周边国家旋毛虫病的流行情况有所不同。据报道，保加利亚、塞尔维亚和黑山、罗马尼亚及克罗地亚的家畜和人类中旋毛虫病的流行率较高。波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那的流行率中等。在匈牙利，人类旋毛虫病已很长时间未出现。然而，过去两年在猪身上记录到了散发病例。近年来，希腊和马其顿在家畜和人类中未发现旋毛虫病，而在土耳其和斯洛文尼亚，人类旋毛虫病呈散发性。旋毛虫病的再度出现与保加利亚和罗马尼亚社会政治制度的变化有关。然而，在塞尔维亚和黑山以及克罗地亚，旋毛虫病的再度出现不仅归因于政治和社会变革，还与这些国家在20世纪最后几年发生的战争有关。本文讨论了东南欧国家旋毛虫病再度出现的社会、经济和政治因素。
