Jonnalagadda S S, Diwan S, Cohen D L
Department of Nutrition, Georgia State University, MSC 2A 0880, 33 Gilmer Street, SE, Unit 2, Atlanta, GA 30303-3082, USA.
J Nutr Health Aging. 2005 Jul-Aug;9(4):226-31.
This study examined the food group intake and the dietary quality of middle-aged and older Gujarati Asian Indian immigrants (45 years or older) living in two urban metropolitan areas in the U.S. Participants (90 men, 99 females) completed a 24-hour dietary recall, which was used to determine if they met the daily food group intake guidelines of the U.S. Food Guide Pyramid. The overall quality of their reported dietary intake was determined using the Healthy Eating Index based on their nutrient and food group intake. Both men and women met the daily number of servings recommendations for the grains (men: 9.3 servings/day; women: 6.9 servings/day) and vegetables (men: 4.5 servings/day; women: 3.6 servings/day) groups, but did not meet the recommendations for fruits, dairy and meats groups. The total score on the Healthy Eating Index of the diets of these participants was 73, indicative of a dietary intake that does not meet the established U.S. dietary guidelines. These immigrants should be educated about appropriate food choices (ethnic and non-ethnic) within each of the U.S. Food Guide Pyramid food groups to improve the overall quality of their dietary intakes.
本研究调查了居住在美国两个大都市地区的古吉拉特亚裔印度中年及老年移民（45岁及以上）的食物组摄入量和饮食质量。参与者（90名男性，99名女性）完成了一项24小时饮食回顾，用于确定他们是否符合美国食物指南金字塔的每日食物组摄入指南。根据他们的营养素和食物组摄入量，使用健康饮食指数确定他们报告的饮食摄入的总体质量。男性和女性都达到了谷物组（男性：9.3份/天；女性：6.9份/天）和蔬菜组（男性：4.5份/天；女性：3.6份/天）的每日份数建议，但未达到水果、乳制品和肉类组的建议。这些参与者饮食的健康饮食指数总分是73，表明饮食摄入量不符合既定的美国饮食指南。应该对这些移民进行教育，让他们了解美国食物指南金字塔各食物组内合适的食物选择（包括民族和非民族食物），以提高他们饮食摄入的总体质量。
