Kuster Chris
Kuster Research and Consulting, 22509 E. 1680th Street, Suite A, Geneseo, IL 61254, USA.
Theriogenology. 2005 Aug;64(3):614-7. doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2005.05.047.
Determination of sperm concentration is a critical component of semen analysis. Traditionally, the hemacytometer has been the standard for calibrating other technologies used to estimate sperm concentration, including photometry, Coulter counters, flow cytometry, and computer-automated semen analysis (CASA). Disposable capillary-loaded slides are commonly used in conjunction with most CASA systems currently in use. Questions have been raised regarding differences in sperm concentration measurements between CASA systems (using 20 microm disposable slides) and hemacytometry. This review explains that these differences are largely due to the Segre-Silberberg (SS) effect, which occurs during Poiseuille flow in thin, capillary-loaded slides. The SS effect can lead to errors in estimation of particle concentration, as demonstrated with latex beads and suspensions of human or porcine spermatozoa. The SS effect does not appear to have time to develop in the hemacytometer, which at 100 microm is considerably deeper than most disposable slides. Thus, hemacytometry, when properly performed, remains the gold standard for estimation of sperm concentration. When using thin (20 microm) slides with CASA systems, recognition of the appropriate compensation factor to adjust for the SS effect is critical for accuracy.
精子浓度的测定是精液分析的关键组成部分。传统上，血细胞计数器一直是校准用于估计精子浓度的其他技术的标准，这些技术包括光度法、库尔特计数器、流式细胞术和计算机自动精液分析（CASA）。一次性毛细管加载玻片通常与目前使用的大多数CASA系统结合使用。关于CASA系统（使用20微米一次性玻片）和血细胞计数法在精子浓度测量上的差异，人们已经提出了一些问题。这篇综述解释说，这些差异主要是由于塞格雷 - 西尔伯格（SS）效应，该效应发生在薄的毛细管加载玻片中的泊肃叶流动过程中。如乳胶珠以及人类或猪精子悬浮液所示，SS效应会导致颗粒浓度估计出现误差。在血细胞计数器中似乎没有时间产生SS效应，血细胞计数器的深度为100微米，比大多数一次性玻片要深得多。因此，正确操作时，血细胞计数法仍然是估计精子浓度的金标准。当使用CASA系统搭配薄（20微米）玻片时，识别用于调整SS效应的适当补偿因子对于准确性至关重要。
