Hausen B M, Evers P, Stüwe H T, König W A, Wollenweber E
Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Hamburg, Germany.
Contact Dermatitis. 1992 Jan;26(1):34-44. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0536.1992.tb00865.x.
26 different compounds have been investigated experimentally for their sensitizing capacity in guinea pigs. 19 of these occur in propolis as well as in poplar bud exudates, and 14 of them are also found in balsam of Peru. 4 caffeates and benzyl isoferulate were found to be strong sensitizers. 7 compounds were moderate, and 13 compounds showed only weak sensitizing potency. Methyl cinnamate was negative. Patch tests in 11 propolis-sensitive patients once more revealed 3-methyl-2-butenyl caffeate and phenylethyl caffeate as the major sensitizers. In addition to the 8 compounds already known to occur in propolis as well as in balsam of Peru, we detected 5 further substances that both materials have in common. Among these, benzyl isoferulate is considered a noteworthy sensitizer. Coniferyl benzoate, which was shown to be a moderate sensitizer, is present in fresh samples of balsam of Peru, while in propolis it has been detected only once so far. The flavonoid aglycones occurring in poplar bud exudates, and hence also in propolis, are weak sensitizers which play only a minor role in propolis hypersensitivity.
已经对26种不同的化合物进行了实验研究，以考察它们在豚鼠中的致敏能力。其中19种化合物存在于蜂胶以及杨树芽渗出物中，并且其中14种在秘鲁香脂中也能找到。发现4种咖啡酸酯和异阿魏酸苄酯是强效致敏剂。7种化合物为中度致敏剂，13种化合物仅显示出微弱的致敏能力。肉桂酸甲酯呈阴性。对11名对蜂胶敏感的患者进行的斑贴试验再次表明，3-甲基-2-丁烯基咖啡酸酯和苯乙基咖啡酸酯是主要致敏剂。除了已知存在于蜂胶以及秘鲁香脂中的8种化合物外，我们还检测到两种物质共有的另外5种物质。其中，异阿魏酸苄酯被认为是一种值得注意的致敏剂。松柏基苯甲酸酯被证明是一种中度致敏剂，存在于新鲜的秘鲁香脂样品中，而在蜂胶中迄今为止仅被检测到一次。杨树芽渗出物中存在的黄酮苷元，因此在蜂胶中也存在，是弱致敏剂，在蜂胶超敏反应中仅起次要作用。
