哥斯达黎加蜂胶的化学成分：在一个独特的地理区域发现了Nemorosone 的存在。
Costa Rican Propolis Chemical Compositions: Nemorosone Found to Be Present in an Exclusive Geographical Zone.
机构信息
Centro de Investigaciones en Productos Naturales (CIPRONA), Universidad de Costa Rica, San José 11501, Costa Rica.
Centro de Investigaciones Apícolas Tropicales (CINAT), Universidad Nacional, Heredia 3000, Costa Rica.
出版信息
Molecules. 2023 Oct 14;28(20):7081. doi: 10.3390/molecules28207081.
BACKGROUND
The chemistry of Costa Rican propolis from remains underexplored despite its potential applications. This study identified its chemical composition, linking chemotypes to antioxidant potential.
METHODS
Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (H NMR) spectra were obtained for 119 propolis extracts and analyzed using multivariate analyses. In parallel, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay was used to assess antioxidant activity. A generalized linear regression model (GLM) correlated this with its chemical profiles and geographical origin. Chromatographic methods were used to isolate active and inactive compounds, which were identified using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS).
RESULTS
Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed three chemical profile groups for the 119 propolis extracts, explaining 73% of the total variance with two components. Radical scavenging activity was found to correlate with chemical composition. Isolation yielded -coniferyl benzoate in type I (EC = 190 µg/mL, ORAC = 0.60 µmol TE/µmol) and nemorosone in type II (EC = 300 µg/mL, ORAC = 0.7 µmol TE/µmol). Type III was represented in terpene-like components, which exhibited lower antioxidant activity.
CONCLUSIONS
This study categorizes Costa Rican propolis into three chemical types and identifies two key components linked to antioxidant activity. Notably, nemorosone, a valuable natural product, was found to be highly concentrated in a particular region of Costa Rica.
背景
哥斯达黎加蜂胶的化学性质仍未得到充分研究，尽管它具有潜在的应用价值。本研究旨在确定其化学组成，并将其化学型与抗氧化潜力联系起来。
方法
对 119 种蜂胶提取物进行质子核磁共振（H NMR）光谱分析，并采用多元分析方法进行分析。同时，采用 2,2-二苯基-1-苦基肼（DPPH）自由基清除试验评估抗氧化活性。广义线性回归模型（GLM）将其与化学特征和地理起源相关联。采用色谱方法分离活性和非活性化合物，并用核磁共振（NMR）和高分辨率质谱（HRMS）鉴定其结构。
结果
主成分分析（PCA）揭示了 119 种蜂胶提取物的三种化学特征群，两个成分解释了总方差的 73%。自由基清除活性与化学组成相关。分离得到的化合物 - 松柏醇苯甲酸酯在 I 型（EC = 190 µg/mL，ORAC = 0.60 µmol TE/µmol）和 II 型（EC = 300 µg/mL，ORAC = 0.7 µmol TE/µmol）中含量较高，而 II 型（EC = 300 µg/mL，ORAC = 0.7 µmol TE/µmol）中含量较高。III 型以萜烯类成分为代表，其抗氧化活性较低。
结论
本研究将哥斯达黎加蜂胶分为三种化学类型，并确定了两种与抗氧化活性相关的关键成分。值得注意的是，在哥斯达黎加的一个特定地区发现了高浓度的具有重要价值的天然产物——nemorosone。
Zotero 插件