Nguyen-van-Tam J S, Nicholson K G
Infectious Diseases Unit, Groby Road Hospital, Leicester.
Epidemiol Infect. 1992 Jun;108(3):537-45. doi: 10.1017/s0950268800050032.
There is an association between excess winter mortality and epidemics of influenza and it has been suggested that annual influenza vaccination should be offered to all over 65 years old as in the United States. This paper identifies the number of people dying from influenza in Leicestershire UK during the 1989-90 epidemic and the factors associated with a fatal outcome. The findings show that deaths attributed to influenza occur predominantly in very elderly people with underlying ill-health. The risk of influenzal death is greater in residential patients and increases substantially with the number of underlying medical conditions. The estimated death rates in vaccinated and non-vaccinated groups were not significantly different, but there were trends towards protection in both residential and non-residential groups. Influenza vaccine is not reaching the principal target groups and improved methods of influenza control are required.
冬季死亡率过高与流感流行之间存在关联，有人建议应像在美国那样，为所有65岁以上的老人每年接种流感疫苗。本文确定了1989 - 1990年流感流行期间英国莱斯特郡死于流感的人数以及与致命后果相关的因素。研究结果表明，归因于流感的死亡主要发生在健康状况不佳的高龄老人中。住院患者死于流感的风险更大，且随着基础疾病数量的增加而大幅上升。接种疫苗组和未接种疫苗组的估计死亡率没有显著差异，但在住院患者和非住院患者群体中都有显示出疫苗具有保护作用的趋势。流感疫苗尚未覆盖主要目标群体，因此需要改进流感防控方法。
