Braydich-Stolle Laura, Hussain Saber, Schlager John J, Hofmann Marie-Claude
Department of Biology, The University of Dayton, OH 45469, USA.
Toxicol Sci. 2005 Dec;88(2):412-9. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kfi256. Epub 2005 Jul 13.
Gametogenesis is a complex biological process that is particularly sensitive to environmental insults such as chemicals. Many chemicals have a negative impact on the germline, either by directly affecting the germ cells, or indirectly through their action on the somatic nursing cells. Ultimately, these effects can inhibit fertility, and they may have negative consequences for the development of the offspring. Recently, nanomaterials such as nanotubes, nanowires, fullerene derivatives (buckyballs), and quantum dots have received enormous national attention in the creation of new types of analytical tools for biotechnology and the life sciences. Despite the wide application of nanomaterials, there is a serious lack of information concerning their impact on human health and the environment. Thus, there are limited studies available on toxicity of nanoparticles for risk assessment of nanomaterials. The purpose of this study was to assess the suitability of a mouse spermatogonial stem cell line as a model to assess nanotoxicity in the male germline in vitro. The effects of different types of nanoparticles on these cells were evaluated by light microscopy, and by cell proliferation and standard cytotoxicity assays. Our results demonstrate a concentration-dependent toxicity for all types of particles tested, whereas the corresponding soluble salts had no significant effect. Silver nanoparticles were the most toxic while molybdenum trioxide (MoO(3)) nanoparticles were the least toxic. Our results suggest that this cell line provides a valuable model with which to assess the cytotoxicity of nanoparticles in the germ line in vitro.
配子发生是一个复杂的生物学过程，对化学物质等环境侵害尤为敏感。许多化学物质会对生殖系产生负面影响，要么直接影响生殖细胞，要么通过作用于体细胞滋养细胞间接产生影响。最终，这些影响可能会抑制生育能力，并且可能对后代发育产生负面后果。最近，诸如纳米管、纳米线、富勒烯衍生物（巴基球）和量子点等纳米材料在为生物技术和生命科学创建新型分析工具方面受到了极大的关注。尽管纳米材料应用广泛，但关于它们对人类健康和环境影响的信息严重匮乏。因此，关于纳米颗粒毒性以用于纳米材料风险评估的研究有限。本研究的目的是评估一种小鼠精原干细胞系作为体外评估雄性生殖系纳米毒性模型的适用性。通过光学显微镜以及细胞增殖和标准细胞毒性测定来评估不同类型纳米颗粒对这些细胞的影响。我们的结果表明，对于所有测试的颗粒类型均存在浓度依赖性毒性，而相应的可溶性盐则无显著影响。银纳米颗粒毒性最大，而三氧化钼（MoO₃）纳米颗粒毒性最小。我们的结果表明，该细胞系为体外评估纳米颗粒在生殖系中的细胞毒性提供了一个有价值的模型。
