Breslin Gavin, Hodges Nicola J, Williams A Mark, Curran Will, Kremer John
School of Psychology, Queen's University Belfast, BT7 1NN Northern Ireland, UK.
Hum Mov Sci. 2005 Jun;24(3):446-63. doi: 10.1016/j.humov.2005.06.009.
The importance of relative motion information when modelling a novel motor skill was examined. Participants were assigned to one of four groups. Groups 1 and 2 viewed demonstrations of a skilled cricket bowler presented in either 'video' or 'point light' format. Group 3 observed a single point of light pertaining to the 'wrist' of the skilled bowler only. Participants in Group 4 did not receive a demonstration and acted as controls. During 60 acquisition trials, participants in the demonstration groups viewed a model five times before each 10-trial block. Retention was examined the following day. Intra-limb coordination was assessed for the right elbow relative to the wrist in comparison to the model. The demonstration groups showed greater concordance with the model than the control group. However, the 'wrist' group performed less like the model than the 'point light' and 'video' groups, who did not differ from each other. These effects were maintained in retention. Relative motion information aided the acquisition of intra-limb coordination, while making this information more salient (through point lights) provided no additional benefit. The motion of the model's bowling arm was replicated more closely than the non-bowling arm, suggesting that information from the end-effector is prioritized during observation for later reproduction.
研究了在对一项新的运动技能进行建模时相对运动信息的重要性。参与者被分配到四组中的一组。第1组和第2组观看了以“视频”或“点光”形式呈现的熟练板球投球手的示范。第3组仅观察与熟练投球手“手腕”相关的一个光点。第4组的参与者没有接受示范并作为对照组。在60次习得试验中，示范组的参与者在每个10次试验块之前观看模型五次。第二天检查记忆情况。与模型相比，评估了右肘相对于手腕的肢体内部协调性。示范组比对照组与模型的一致性更高。然而，“手腕”组比“点光”组和“视频”组表现得更不像模型，而“点光”组和“视频”组之间没有差异。这些效果在记忆中得以保持。相对运动信息有助于肢体内部协调性的习得，而使该信息更突出（通过点光）并没有带来额外的好处。模型投球手臂的动作比非投球手臂被更紧密地复制，这表明在观察过程中来自末端效应器的信息在后期再现时被优先考虑。
