Farsky Sandra H P, Antunes Edson, Mello Suzana B V
Rheumatology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 455, São Paulo, SP, CEP 01246-903, Brazil.
Curr Drug Targets Inflamm Allergy. 2005 Jun;4(3):401-11. doi: 10.2174/1568010054022150.
Accidents evoked by venomous animals are common in tropical regions. In Brazil, envenomation evoked by snakes, spiders and scorpions are an important public health problem. Their venoms are composed of a great number of toxins, which are capable of acting on tissue and plasma components with consequent toxic and pharmacological effects. On the other hand, the diversity of venom composition makes them important source of toxins that can be employed as scientific tools. Here we describe the mechanisms of anti and pro-inflammatory properties of toxins of Bothrops and Crotalus genus snakes and Loxosceles and Phoneutria genus spider venoms. The emphasis was to summarise, both in vivo and in vitro, studies that focused on the action of phospholipases, metalloproteinases and sphingomyelinase D on vascular and cellular aspects of the process as well as the complex network of chemical mediators involved.
有毒动物引发的事故在热带地区很常见。在巴西，蛇、蜘蛛和蝎子引发的中毒是一个重要的公共卫生问题。它们的毒液由大量毒素组成，这些毒素能够作用于组织和血浆成分，从而产生毒性和药理作用。另一方面，毒液成分的多样性使它们成为可作为科学工具的毒素的重要来源。在这里，我们描述了矛头蝮属和响尾蛇属蛇毒以及巴西游走蛛属和栉足蛛属蜘蛛毒液毒素的抗炎和促炎特性机制。重点是总结体内和体外研究，这些研究聚焦于磷脂酶、金属蛋白酶和鞘磷脂酶D对该过程血管和细胞方面的作用以及所涉及的化学介质复杂网络。
