Ho G
Environmental Technology Centre, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia 6150.
Water Sci Technol. 2005;51(10):15-20.
An overview of available onsite, small and community scale wastewater treatment technology shows that it is diverse compared to current technology for centralised collection and treatment of wastewater. An analysis of the onsite, small and community scale technology for achieving sustainability shows that it more conducive to achieving sustainability than the centralised technology. It is likely, however, that its application is in remote and rural areas, where the technology should be improved and integrated with other technology sectors (energy, food production) for improved sustainability. Opportunities exist in new urban developments to achieve similar outcomes, but concerted efforts are required to demonstrate or showcase sustainability benefits in real situations. A huge potential also exists for the use of onsite, small and community scale technology in developing countries for achieving the same sustainability outcomes. It is likely to succeed if the technology is modified to be of lower cost but based on the same science, and that research, development and demonstrations in developed countries are shown to be successful.
对现有的现场、小型和社区规模废水处理技术的概述表明，与当前集中收集和处理废水的技术相比，它具有多样性。对实现可持续性的现场、小型和社区规模技术的分析表明，它比集中式技术更有利于实现可持续性。然而，其应用可能在偏远和农村地区，在这些地区，该技术应加以改进，并与其他技术部门（能源、食品生产）整合，以提高可持续性。在新的城市发展中也存在实现类似成果的机会，但需要共同努力在实际情况中展示可持续性效益。在发展中国家，使用现场、小型和社区规模技术来实现相同的可持续性成果也具有巨大潜力。如果该技术经过改进，成本更低，但基于相同的科学原理，并且发达国家的研究、开发和示范被证明是成功的，那么它很可能会取得成功。
