Reitz E, Deković M, Meijer A M
Department of Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80140, 3508 TC, The Netherlands.
J Adolesc. 2006 Jun;29(3):419-36. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2005.08.003. Epub 2005 Sep 15.
In this longitudinal study we investigated relations between parenting and externalizing and internalizing problem behaviour during early adolescence. First, we examined parenting effects on problem behaviour, including child behaviour as a moderator. Second, we examined child behaviour as predictor of parenting, also including moderator effects. A total of 650 13- to 14-year-olds filled out the Youth Self-Report and questionnaires about parenting at two times within a one-year interval. Relations between parenting and problem behaviour appeared to be stronger for externalizing than for internalizing problem behaviour. Both parenting effects and child effects were found. Parenting significantly predicted an increase in externalizing problem behaviour one year later. Adolescent's previous level of problem behaviour predicted changes in parenting (involvement and decisional autonomy granting). In addition, parental and child characteristics interacted in predicting outcome.
在这项纵向研究中，我们调查了青春期早期养育方式与外化问题行为和内化问题行为之间的关系。首先，我们考察了养育方式对问题行为的影响，将儿童行为作为调节变量。其次，我们考察了儿童行为作为养育方式的预测因素，同样包括调节效应。共有650名13至14岁的青少年在一年的时间间隔内分两次填写了青少年自我报告和关于养育方式的问卷。养育方式与问题行为之间的关系在外化问题行为上似乎比在内化问题行为上更强。我们发现了养育方式的影响和儿童自身的影响。养育方式显著预测了一年后外化问题行为的增加。青少年之前的问题行为水平预测了养育方式（参与度和给予决策自主权）的变化。此外，父母和孩子的特征在预测结果时存在相互作用。
