Ford Kevin R, Myer Gregory D, Smith Rose L, Vianello Rebecca M, Seiwert Shelly L, Hewett Timothy E
Sports Medicine Biodynamics Center and Human Performance Laboratory, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Research Foundation, OH 45229, USA.
Clin Biomech (Bristol). 2006 Jan;21(1):33-40. doi: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2005.08.010. Epub 2005 Sep 28.
Despite recent evidence supporting the use of neuromuscular training to reduce anterior cruciate ligament injury risk, female athletes continue to show an increased anterior cruciate ligament injury rate in collegiate basketball and soccer when compared to males. The purpose of the current study was to identify gender and task differences in measures that may increase the risk of anterior cruciate ligament injury in female basketball and soccer athletes.
Eleven female and 11 male collegiate basketball and soccer athletes were height (female mean 176 (SD 8 cm), male mean 176 (SD 8 cm)) and weight (female mean 73 (SD 7 kg), male mean 74 (SD 6 kg)) matched. Three-dimensional motion analysis was used to calculate differences in total coronal plane angular joint excursion (maximum-minimum) between male and female athletes when performing a series of medially and laterally directed drop landings.
Female athletes demonstrated increased total coronal plane excursion for the hip, knee and ankle (P < 0.05) during the medial drop landing. During the lateral drop landing females displayed increased excursion at the hip and knee. When comparing tasks, the lateral drop landing resulted in greater coronal plane excursion at the hip (P < 0.05) while the knee showed no differences between movements. In contrast, females demonstrated increased ankle excursion during the medial drop task (P < 0.05).
Female athletes demonstrate increased lower extremity coronal plane excursion when performing single leg drop landing in both the medial and lateral direction when compared to height/weight matched male athletes. This increased coronal plane oscillation of lower extremity joints may be related to the increased risk of anterior cruciate ligament injury for female basketball and soccer athletes.
尽管最近有证据支持使用神经肌肉训练来降低前交叉韧带损伤风险，但与男性相比，女子大学生篮球和足球运动员的前交叉韧带损伤率仍持续上升。本研究的目的是确定在可能增加女子篮球和足球运动员前交叉韧带损伤风险的测量指标上的性别差异和任务差异。
选取11名女子和11名男子大学生篮球和足球运动员，他们的身高（女子平均身高176（标准差8厘米），男子平均身高176（标准差8厘米））和体重（女子平均体重73（标准差7千克），男子平均体重74（标准差6千克））相匹配。使用三维运动分析来计算男女运动员在进行一系列向内和向外的单腿落地动作时，冠状面总关节角位移（最大值 - 最小值）的差异。
在向内单腿落地时，女性运动员的髋、膝和踝关节的冠状面总位移增加（P < 0.05）。在向外单腿落地时，女性运动员的髋和膝关节位移增加。比较不同任务时，向外单腿落地动作中髋部的冠状面位移更大（P < 0.05），而膝关节在不同动作间无差异。相比之下，女性运动员在向内单腿落地任务中的踝关节位移增加（P < 0.05）。
与身高/体重匹配的男性运动员相比，女性运动员在进行向内和向外单腿落地动作时，下肢冠状面位移增加。下肢关节冠状面这种增加的摆动可能与女子篮球和足球运动员前交叉韧带损伤风险增加有关。
