Khairallah M, Yahia S Ben, Ladjimi A, Messaoud R, Zaouali S, Attia S, Jenzeri S, Jelliti B
Department of Ophthalmology, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia.
Eye (Lond). 2007 Jan;21(1):33-9. doi: 10.1038/sj.eye.6702111. Epub 2006 Feb 17.
To analyse the pattern of uveitis in a referral centre in Tunisia, North Africa.
The study included 472 patients with uveitis examined at the Department of Ophthalmology of Monastir (Tunisia) from January 1992 to August 2003. All patients had a comprehensive ocular and systemic history, including an extensive review of medical systems. Complete ophthalmic examination was performed in all cases, including best-corrected Snellen visual acuity, slit-lamp examination, applanation tonometry, and dilated fundus examination with three-mirror lens. Standard diagnostic criteria were employed for all syndromes or entities of uveitis.
The mean age at onset of uveitis was 34 years. The male-to-female ratio was 1:1.1. Uveitis was unilateral in 282 patients (59.7%) and bilateral in 190 patients (40.3%). Anterior uveitis was most common (166 patients; 35.2%), followed by posterior uveitis (133 patients; 28.2%), panuveitis (100 patients; 21.2%), and intermediate uveitis (73 patients; 15.5%). A specific diagnosis was found in 306 patients (64.8%). The most common cause of anterior uveitis was herpetic uveitis (56 patients; 33.7%). Toxoplasmosis was the most frequent cause of posterior uveitis (51 patients; 38.3%). Intermediate uveitis was most commonly idiopathic (63 patients; 86.3%). Behçet's disease was the most common cause of panuveitis (36 patients; 36%), followed by Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease (15 patients; 15%). A total of 16 patients (3.4%) suffered from blindness, and 59 (12.5%) from uniocular blindness.
In a hospital population in Tunisia, the most common causes of uveitis were Behçet's disease, herpes simplex infection, toxoplasmosis, and VKH disease.
分析北非突尼斯一家转诊中心葡萄膜炎的发病模式。
该研究纳入了1992年1月至2003年8月在突尼斯莫纳斯提尔眼科部接受检查的472例葡萄膜炎患者。所有患者均有完整的眼部和全身病史，包括对医疗系统的广泛回顾。所有病例均进行了全面的眼科检查，包括最佳矫正视力、裂隙灯检查、压平眼压测量以及用三面镜进行散瞳眼底检查。对所有葡萄膜炎综合征或类型均采用标准诊断标准。
葡萄膜炎的平均发病年龄为34岁。男女比例为1:1.1。282例患者（59.7%）为单眼葡萄膜炎，190例患者（40.3%）为双眼葡萄膜炎。前葡萄膜炎最为常见（166例患者；35.2%），其次是后葡萄膜炎（133例患者；28.2%）、全葡萄膜炎（100例患者；21.2%）和中间葡萄膜炎（73例患者；15.5%）。306例患者（64.8%）有明确诊断。前葡萄膜炎最常见的病因是疱疹性葡萄膜炎（56例患者；33.7%）。弓形虫病是后葡萄膜炎最常见的病因（51例患者；38.3%）。中间葡萄膜炎最常见的病因是特发性（63例患者；86.3%）。白塞病是全葡萄膜炎最常见的病因（36例患者；36%），其次是小柳原田病（VKH病）（15例患者；15%）。共有16例患者（3.4%）失明，59例患者（12.5%）单眼失明。
在突尼斯的医院患者中，葡萄膜炎最常见的病因是白塞病、单纯疱疹感染、弓形虫病和小柳原田病。
