Vandenplas O, Larbanois A, Bugli C, Kempeneers E, Nemery B
Service de Pneumologie, Cliniques de Mont-Godinne, Université Catholique de Louvain, Yvoir, Belgique.
Rev Mal Respir. 2005 Jun;22(3):421-30. doi: 10.1016/s0761-8425(05)85570-6.
A national surveillance programme of occupational asthma was set up to estimate the incidence and identify the causes of this disorder in Belgium.
The programme was based on the voluntary notification of new cases of occupational asthma by chest specialists and occupational physicians during the period 2000-2002.
92% of the reported cases included occupational asthma of an immunological type and 8% bronchial irritability. According to the opinion of the reporting physicians the diagnosis was considered certain in 39%, probable in 29% and possible in 32% of cases. On the basis of these notifications the mean annual incidence of occupational asthma is estimated as 23.5 cases per million workers (95% confidence interval 19.2-28.8). The most frequently incriminated substances were isocyanates (16%), cereals (12%) and latex (10%). At the time of diagnosis 38% of patients had not applied for compensation.
The results of this programme of notification of occupational asthma agree with the data available from other countries and provide information complementary to the medico-legal statistics.
比利时设立了一项职业性哮喘国家监测计划，以估计其发病率并确定该疾病的病因。
该计划基于胸科专家和职业医师在2000 - 2002年期间自愿报告职业性哮喘新病例。
报告病例中92%为免疫性职业性哮喘，8%为支气管激惹。根据报告医生的意见，39%的病例诊断确定，29%可能，32%可能。根据这些报告，职业性哮喘的年平均发病率估计为每百万工人23.5例（95%置信区间19.2 - 28.8）。最常涉及的物质是异氰酸酯（16%）、谷物（12%）和乳胶（10%）。在诊断时，38%的患者未申请赔偿。
该职业性哮喘报告计划的结果与其他国家的现有数据一致，并提供了与法医学统计互补的信息。
