Knudsen Hannah K, Roman Paul M, Johnson J Aaron, Ducharme Lori J
Center for Research on Behavioral Health and Human Services Delivery, University of Georgia, 101 Barrow Hall, Athens, GA 30602-2401, USA.
J Health Soc Behav. 2005 Sep;46(3):260-73. doi: 10.1177/002214650504600304.
In the weeks following the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, social commentators argued that America had profoundly "changed." In light of these arguments and the literature on disasters, we examine the immediate and longer-term mental health consequences of September 11th using a national sample of full-time American workers. We model the effects of temporal proximity to the attacks on depressive symptoms and alcohol consumption, while controlling for demographic characteristics. Our data revealed a significant increase in the number of depressive symptoms reported during the 4 weeks after the attacks. In the subsequent weeks, levels of depressive symptoms returned to pre-September 11th levels. Contrary to expectations, there was some indication of decreased alcohol consumption after September 11th, although these effects were modest. These analyses provide little support for popular assertions that September 11th resulted in lasting and measurable impacts on Americans' well-being.
在2001年9月11日恐怖袭击后的几周里，社会评论家认为美国发生了深刻的“变化”。鉴于这些观点以及有关灾难的文献，我们使用一个美国全职工人的全国样本，研究了9·11事件对心理健康的近期和长期影响。我们在控制人口统计学特征的同时，模拟了与袭击事件时间上的接近程度对抑郁症状和酒精消费的影响。我们的数据显示，袭击事件发生后的4周内，报告的抑郁症状数量显著增加。在随后的几周里，抑郁症状水平恢复到了9·11事件之前的水平。与预期相反，有迹象表明9·11事件后酒精消费量有所下降，尽管这些影响不大。这些分析几乎没有支持关于9·11事件对美国人幸福感产生持久且可衡量影响的普遍说法。
