德黑兰人群中的散光及其决定因素：德黑兰眼科研究

Astigmatism and its determinants in the Tehran population: the Tehran eye study.

作者信息

Hashemi Hassan, Hatef Elham, Fotouhi Akbar, Mohammad Kazem

机构信息

Farabi Eye Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran and Noor Vision Correction Center, Tehran, Iran.

出版信息

Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 2005 Dec;12(6):373-81. doi: 10.1080/09286580500281214.

DOI:10.1080/09286580500281214

PMID:16283989

Abstract

PURPOSE

To determine the prevalence of astigmatism and its epidemiological risk factors in Tehran via a population-based study.

METHODS

By means of a stratified random cluster sampling, 6497 citizens representing a cross-section of the population of Tehran were selected from 160 clusters. Eligible people were recruited through a door-to-door household survey in the selected clusters and transferred to a clinic for an extensive eye examination and interview. The refractive status was determined with manifest refraction. Astigmatism was defined as cylinder worse than or equal to 0.5 D. High astigmatism was defined as a manifest cylinder > or =1.5 D.

RESULTS

Between August and December 2002, 4565 of the 6497 eligible individuals in the sample attended the interview and ophthalmic examination (a participation rate of 70.3%). The age- and gender-standardized prevalence of astigmatism was 50.2% (95% CI, 48.4% to 51.9%) on manifest refraction. High astigmatism was found in 490 right eyes (11.1%; 95% CI, 10.1% to 12.0%). Of 2532 participants with ametropia, 59.6 (95% CI, 57.6-61.5) had astigmatism. The percentages of with-the-rule, against-the-rule and oblique astigmatism were 33.6%, 36.9% and 29.3%, respectively. The proportion of type of astigmatism was significantly related to age (p < 0.001). The univariable analysis of astigmatism between family members yielded odds ratios of 1.47 (95% CI, 1.14 to 1.89, p = 0.003) for the association of astigmatism among siblings. After controlling for age, refractive errors and education, the pairwise sibling association remained statistically significant (OR 1.43, 95% CI, 1.08 to 1.88).

CONCLUSION

These findings revealed a high prevalence of astigmatism in the population. Age, education and ametropia were the main predictors of astigmatism in Tehran. Our findings should be considered for case finding and astigmatism correction programs. Our data confirmed a modest familial aggregation for astigmatism.

摘要

目的

通过一项基于人群的研究确定德黑兰散光的患病率及其流行病学危险因素。

方法

采用分层随机整群抽样方法，从160个群组中选取6497名代表德黑兰人口横断面的市民。通过对选定群组进行挨家挨户的家庭调查招募符合条件的人，并将其转移到诊所进行全面的眼科检查和访谈。用显然验光法确定屈光状态。散光定义为柱镜度数≥0.5D。高度散光定义为显然柱镜度数≥1.5D。

结果

2002年8月至12月期间，样本中6497名符合条件的个体中有4565人参加了访谈和眼科检查（参与率为70.3%）。根据显然验光法，年龄和性别标准化的散光患病率为50.2%（95%CI，48.4%至51.9%）。在490只右眼发现高度散光（11.1%；95%CI，10.1%至12.0%）。在2532名屈光不正参与者中，59.6%（95%CI，57.6 - 61.5）有散光。顺规散光、逆规散光和斜向散光的百分比分别为33.6%、36.9%和29.3%。散光类型的比例与年龄显著相关（p<0.001）。对家庭成员之间散光的单变量分析显示，兄弟姐妹之间散光关联的比值比为1.47（95%CI，1.