Tombaugh Tom N
Carleton University, Psychology Department, Ottawa Concussion Clinic, Rm. B550, Loeb Bldg., 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ont., Canada K1S 5B6.
Arch Clin Neuropsychol. 2006 Jan;21(1):53-76. doi: 10.1016/j.acn.2005.07.006. Epub 2005 Nov 14.
The Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT) was developed to assess the effects of traumatic brain injury (TBI) on cognitive functioning. Subsequent research has shown that the PASAT has clinical utility in detecting impairments in cognitive processing in patients with a wide variety of neuropsychological syndromes. Gronwall and Sampson (1974) originally assumed the PASAT measured speed of information processing. However, the PASAT is now recognized as a measure of multiple functional domains because it requires the successful completion of a variety of cognitive functions, primarily those related to attention. While the PASAT has demonstrated good psychometric properties such as high levels of internal consistency and test-retest reliability, several issues should be considered when administering and interpreting this test. For example, test-retest scores show that the PASAT is extremely susceptible to practice effects. The PASAT is also negatively affected by increasing age, decreasing IQ, and low math ability. Administration of the PASAT creates an undue amount of anxiety and frustration in participants which affects their performance on this and other neuropsychological tests, and may subsequently increase their reluctance to return for follow up testing. Demands for rapid responding place individuals with speech or language impairment at a distinct disadvantage, as it does for those who naturally speak slowly for cultural or geographic reasons. In conclusion, the PASAT represents a reliable test that has legitimate but restricted clinical applications. A low score on the PASAT may not necessarily indicate or confirm the presence of neurological pathology. The PASAT is a highly sensitive, non-specific test and as such, care must be taken to identify the reasons underlying any low score before interpreting it as clinically significant.
听觉连续加法测验（PASAT）旨在评估创伤性脑损伤（TBI）对认知功能的影响。后续研究表明，PASAT在检测各种神经心理综合征患者的认知加工障碍方面具有临床实用性。格伦沃尔和桑普森（1974）最初认为PASAT测量的是信息处理速度。然而，现在人们认识到PASAT是对多个功能领域的一种测量，因为它要求成功完成多种认知功能，主要是与注意力相关的功能。虽然PASAT已显示出良好的心理测量特性，如高度的内部一致性和重测信度，但在实施和解释该测试时应考虑几个问题。例如，重测分数表明PASAT极易受到练习效应的影响。PASAT还受到年龄增长、智商下降和数学能力低的负面影响。实施PASAT会给参与者带来过度的焦虑和挫败感，这会影响他们在该测试及其他神经心理测试中的表现，随后可能会增加他们不愿返回进行后续测试的意愿。快速反应的要求使有言语或语言障碍的个体处于明显劣势，对于那些因文化或地域原因自然语速较慢的人也是如此。总之，PASAT是一项可靠的测试，具有合理但有限的临床应用。PASAT得分低不一定表明或确认存在神经病理学问题。PASAT是一项高度敏感、非特异性的测试，因此，在将任何低分解释为具有临床意义之前，必须谨慎确定其背后的原因。
