Beris Alexandros E, Lykissas Marios G, Papageorgiou Christos D, Georgoulis Anastasios D
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina 45110, Greece.
Injury. 2005 Nov;36 Suppl 4:S14-23. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2005.10.007.
Many joint and systemic disorders may lead to cartilage defects. Partial thickness defects of the articular cartilage do not have healing potential. When the lesion reaches the subchondral bone, spontaneous healing may be observed, but consists of fibrocartilaginous tissue. The main efforts for cartilage repair are targeted at filling of the cartilage defect with a tissue that possesses the same mechanical properties with hyaline cartilage and the consolidation of this tissue with the native articular cartilage. There are various arthroscopic techniques and although they provide pain relief, they do not restore the damaged cartilage. Osteochondral transplantation is more effective in dealing with small or medium size full thickness defects, but further efforts are required in order to reduce the donor site morbidity, marginal necrosis and partial covering of the defect.
许多关节和全身性疾病都可能导致软骨缺损。关节软骨的部分厚度缺损没有愈合潜力。当病变累及软骨下骨时，可能会观察到自发愈合，但形成的是纤维软骨组织。软骨修复的主要努力方向是用具有与透明软骨相同力学性能的组织填充软骨缺损，并使该组织与天然关节软骨融合。有多种关节镜技术，虽然它们能缓解疼痛，但无法修复受损软骨。骨软骨移植在处理中小尺寸的全层缺损方面更有效，但仍需进一步努力以减少供区并发症、边缘坏死和缺损的部分覆盖情况。
