Marcus B H, Emmons K M, Abrams D B, Marshall R J, Kane M, Novotny T E, Etzel R A
J Public Health Policy. 1992 Spring;13(1):42-51.
The health consequences of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) are well documented. Although nonsmokers are generally aware of the health risks of ETS exposure, the majority of nonsmokers are regularly exposed. The most common source of exposure is the workplace. Restrictive workplace smoking policies are being used as a primary means of reducing ETS exposure. However, few studies have focused on the relation between workplace policy and ETS exposure. We performed two studies which examined the relationship between smoking policy, self-reported ETS exposure, and salivary cotinine concentrations. Study I, a pilot study, focused on a workplace-based sample of 106 volunteers; Study 2 examined exposure among 881 nonsmokers in workplace settings. In both studies, more restrictive workplace smoking policies were associated with a lower proportion of nonsmoking volunteers with detectable salivary cotinine. In Study 2, the larger study, the only other variable found to be significantly related to cotinine detection was the presence of smokers in the home. These results suggest that restrictive workplace smoking policies may reduce employees' overall ETS exposure.
接触环境烟草烟雾（ETS）对健康造成的后果已有充分记录。尽管不吸烟者普遍知晓接触ETS的健康风险，但大多数不吸烟者仍经常接触。最常见的接触源是工作场所。限制性工作场所吸烟政策正被用作减少ETS接触的主要手段。然而，很少有研究关注工作场所政策与ETS接触之间的关系。我们进行了两项研究，考察吸烟政策、自我报告的ETS接触情况与唾液中可替宁浓度之间的关系。研究一为试点研究，聚焦于106名志愿者组成的工作场所样本；研究二考察了881名工作场所不吸烟者的接触情况。在两项研究中，更具限制性的工作场所吸烟政策与唾液中可检测到可替宁的不吸烟志愿者比例较低相关。在规模更大的研究二当中，发现与可替宁检测显著相关的唯一其他变量是家中是否有吸烟者。这些结果表明，限制性工作场所吸烟政策可能会减少员工整体的ETS接触。
