Leder Drew
Department of Philosophy, Loyola College in Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21210, USA.
J Altern Complement Med. 2005 Oct;11(5):923-30. doi: 10.1089/acm.2005.11.923.
Over decades, consciousness research has accumulated evidence of the real and measureable existence of "spooky actions at a distance"--modes of telepathy, telekinesis, clairvoyance, and the like. More recently scientists have begun rigorous study of the effects of distant healing intention and prayer vis-a-vis nonhuman living systems and patients in clinical trials. A barrier to taking such work seriously may be the belief that it is fundamentally incompatible with the scientific world view. This article suggests that it need not be; contemporary physics has generated a series of paradigms that can be used to make sense of, interpret, and explore "psi" and distant healing. Four such models are discussed, two drawn from relativity theory and two from quantum mechanics. First is the energetic transmission model, presuming the effects of conscious intention to be mediated by an as-yet unknown energy signal. Second is the model of path facilitation. As gravity, according to general relativity, "warps" space-time, easing certain pathways of movement, so may acts of consciousness have warping and facilitating effects on the fabric of the surrounding world. Third is the model of nonlocal entanglement drawn from quantum mechanics. Perhaps people, like particles, can become entangled so they behave as one system with instantaneous and unmediated correlations across a distance. Last discussed is a model involving actualization of potentials. The act of measurement in quantum mechanics collapses a probabilistic wave function into a single outcome. Perhaps conscious healing intention can act similarly, helping to actualize one of a series of possibilities; for example, recovery from a potentially lethal tumor. Such physics-based models are not presented as explanatory but rather as suggestive. Disjunctions as well as compatibilities between the phenomena of modern physics and those of psi and distant healing are explored.
几十年来，意识研究已经积累了证据，证明“超距幽灵作用”——心灵感应、心灵致动、透视等形式——真实且可测量地存在。最近，科学家们开始在临床试验中对远距离治疗意图和祈祷对非人类生命系统及患者的影响进行严格研究。阻碍人们认真对待此类研究的一个障碍可能是，认为它与科学世界观从根本上不相容。本文认为并非如此；当代物理学已经产生了一系列范式，可用于理解、解释和探索“超心理现象”及远距离治疗。文中讨论了四种这样的模型，两种源自相对论，两种源自量子力学。第一种是能量传输模型，假定意识意图的影响是由一种尚未知晓的能量信号介导的。第二种是路径促进模型。正如广义相对论中所说，引力使时空“弯曲”，从而使某些运动路径变得更容易，意识行为也可能对周围世界的结构产生弯曲和促进作用。第三种是源自量子力学的非局域纠缠模型。也许人就像粒子一样，可以发生纠缠，从而表现为一个系统，在远距离上具有即时且无中介的相关性。最后讨论的是一个涉及潜能实现的模型。量子力学中的测量行为会将概率波函数坍缩为单一结果。也许有意识的治疗意图也能起到类似作用，帮助实现一系列可能性中的一种；例如，从潜在致命的肿瘤中康复。这些基于物理学的模型并非作为解释提出，而是具有启发性。文中探讨了现代物理学现象与超心理现象及远距离治疗现象之间的差异与相容性。
