一项关于道路和铁路运输危险物质过程中发生事故的调查。
A survey of accidents occurring during the transport of hazardous substances by road and rail.
作者信息
Oggero A, Darbra R M, Muñoz M, Planas E, Casal J
机构信息
Centre d'Estudis del Risc Tecnològic (CERTEC), Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
出版信息
J Hazard Mater. 2006 May 20;133(1-3):1-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2005.05.053. Epub 2005 Nov 17.
A study of 1932 accidents that occurred during the transport of hazardous substances by road and rail from the beginning of the 20th century to July 2004 was carried out. The results obtained show an increase in the frequency of accidents over time. More than half of the accidents happened on roads (63%). The most frequent accidents were releases (78%), followed by fires (28%), explosions (14%) and gas clouds (6%). The various causes of the accidents, the type of substance involved and the consequences for the population (number of people killed, injured or evacuated) were also analysed. Among the diverse measures taken to improve this situation, the training of professional people involved in transportation seems to be of major importance.
对1932起发生在20世纪初至2004年7月期间通过公路和铁路运输危险物质过程中的事故进行了研究。研究结果表明，事故发生频率随时间呈上升趋势。超过一半的事故发生在公路上（63%）。最常见的事故类型是泄漏（78%），其次是火灾（28%）、爆炸（14%）和气云（6%）。还分析了事故的各种原因、所涉物质类型以及对民众的影响（死亡、受伤或疏散的人数）。在为改善这种情况而采取的各种措施中，对参与运输的专业人员进行培训似乎至关重要。
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