Rhodes Tim, Platt Lucy, Judd Ali, Mikhailova Larissa Albertovna, Sarang Anya, Wallis Nigel, Alpatova Tatiana, Hickman Matthew, Parry John V
The Centre for Research on Drugs and Health Behaviour and Unit for International Public Health and Development, Imperial College, London, UK.
Int J STD AIDS. 2005 Nov;16(11):749-54. doi: 10.1258/095646205774763180.
The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and co-infection with HIV among injecting drug users (IDUs) in Togliatti City, Russia. Unlinked anonymous cross-sectional survey of IDUs recruited from community settings, with oral fluid sample collection for HCV and HIV antibody (anti-HCV, anti-HIV) testing, was carried out. The anti-HCV prevalence was 87% (357/411), anti-HIV prevalence 56% (234/418), and 93% (214/230) of HIV-positive IDUs were co-infected with HCV. Only 23% (94/411) of those HCV positive self-reported as such. In an adjusted model, increased odds of HCV positivity were associated with needle and syringe, as well as injecting paraphernalia sharing in the last four weeks. IDUs injecting more than once with the same needle also had raised odds. There were no marked associations between HCV positivity and the duration of injecting or age group. Almost all IDUs were HCV positive, and almost all HIV-positive IDUs were HCV co-infected. There is an urgent need to maximize syringe distribution coverage, develop health promotion targeting HCV prevention for IDUs, and improve access among IDUs to treatments for HIV and HCV infection.
本研究的目的是估计俄罗斯陶里亚蒂市注射吸毒者中丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）感染及与HIV合并感染的流行率。对从社区环境招募的注射吸毒者进行了非关联匿名横断面调查，采集口腔液样本进行HCV和HIV抗体（抗-HCV、抗-HIV）检测。抗-HCV流行率为87%（357/411），抗-HIV流行率为56%（234/418），93%（214/230）的HIV阳性注射吸毒者合并感染HCV。HCV阳性者中只有23%（94/411）自我报告为阳性。在调整模型中，HCV阳性几率增加与在过去四周内共用针头和注射器以及注射用具有关。使用同一针头注射不止一次的注射吸毒者几率也有所增加。HCV阳性与注射持续时间或年龄组之间没有明显关联。几乎所有注射吸毒者均为HCV阳性，几乎所有HIV阳性注射吸毒者均合并感染HCV。迫切需要最大限度地扩大注射器分发覆盖范围，开展针对注射吸毒者预防HCV的健康促进活动，并改善注射吸毒者获得HIV和HCV感染治疗的机会。
