Azadbakht Leila, Mirmiran Parvin, Esmaillzadeh Ahmad, Azizi Tohid, Azizi Fereidoun
Endocrine Research Center, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 19395-4763, Tehran, Iran.
Diabetes Care. 2005 Dec;28(12):2823-31. doi: 10.2337/diacare.28.12.2823.
To determine the effects of a Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) eating plan on metabolic risks in patients with the metabolic syndrome.
This was a randomized controlled outpatient trial conducted on 116 patients with the metabolic syndrome. Three diets were prescribed for 6 months: a control diet, a weight-reducing diet emphasizing healthy food choices, and the DASH diet with reduced calories and increased consumption of fruit, vegetables, low-fat dairy, and whole grains and lower in saturated fat, total fat, and cholesterol and restricted to 2,400 mg Na. The main outcome measures were the components of the metabolic syndrome.
Relative to the control diet, the DASH diet resulted in higher HDL cholesterol (7 and 10 mg/dl), lower triglycerides (-18 and -14 mg/dl), systolic blood pressure (SBP) (-12 and -11 mmHg), diastolic blood pressure (-6 and -7 mmHg), weight (-16 and -14 kg), fasting blood glucose (FBG) (-15 and -8 mg/dl), and weight (-16 and -15 kg), among men and women, respectively (all P < 0.001). The net reduction in triglycerides (-17 and -18 mg/dl), SBP (-11 and -11 mmHg), diastolic blood pressure (-5 and -6 mmHg), and FBG (-4 and -6 mg/dl), weight (-16 and -15 kg), and increase in HDL (5 and 10 mg/dl) among men and women, respectively, was higher in the DASH group (all P < 0.05). The weight-reducing diet resulted in significant change in triglycerides (-13 and -10 mg/dl), SBP (-6 and -6 mmHg), and weight (-13 and -12 kg) among men and women, respectively (all P < 0.05).
The DASH diet can likely reduce most of the metabolic risks in both men and women; the related mechanisms need further study.
确定终止高血压膳食疗法（DASH）饮食计划对代谢综合征患者代谢风险的影响。
这是一项针对116例代谢综合征患者进行的随机对照门诊试验。规定三种饮食方案，为期6个月：对照饮食、强调选择健康食物的减重饮食，以及热量减少、增加水果、蔬菜、低脂乳制品和全谷物摄入、饱和脂肪、总脂肪和胆固醇含量较低且钠摄入量限制在2400毫克的DASH饮食。主要结局指标为代谢综合征的各项组分。
与对照饮食相比，DASH饮食使男性和女性的高密度脂蛋白胆固醇分别升高（7和10毫克/分升）、甘油三酯降低（-18和-14毫克/分升）、收缩压降低（-12和-11毫米汞柱）、舒张压降低（-6和-7毫米汞柱）、体重降低（-16和-14千克）、空腹血糖降低（-15和-8毫克/分升）（所有P<0.001）。DASH组男性和女性的甘油三酯净降低量（-17和-18毫克/分升）、收缩压（-11和-11毫米汞柱）、舒张压（-5和-6毫米汞柱）、空腹血糖（-4和-6毫克/分升）、体重（-16和-15千克）以及高密度脂蛋白升高量（5和10毫克/分升）更高（所有P<0.05）。减重饮食使男性和女性的甘油三酯分别有显著变化（-13和-10毫克/分升）、收缩压（-6和-6毫米汞柱）以及体重（-13和-12千克）（所有P<0.05）。
DASH饮食可能降低男性和女性的大多数代谢风险；相关机制有待进一步研究。
