Gopalakrishnan G S, Gardner D S, Dandrea J, Langley-Evans S C, Pearce S, Kurlak L O, Walker R M, Seetho I W, Keisler D H, Ramsay M M, Stephenson T, Symonds M E
Centre for Reproduction and Early Life, Institute of Clinical Research, University Hospital, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK.
Br J Nutr. 2005 Dec;94(6):938-47. doi: 10.1079/bjn20051559.
The prenatal diet can program an individual's cardiovascular system towards later higher resting blood pressure and kidney dysfunction, but the extent to which these programmed responses are directly determined by the timing of maternal nutritional manipulation is unknown. In the present study we examined whether maternal nutrient restriction targeted over the period of maximal placental growth, i.e. days 28-80 of gestation, resulted in altered blood pressure or kidney development in the juvenile offspring. This was undertaken in 6-month-old sheep born to mothers fed control (100-150 % of the recommended metabolisable energy (ME) intake for that stage of gestation) or nutrient-restricted (NR; 50 % ME; n 6) diets between days 28 and 80 of gestation. Controls were additionally grouped according to normal (>3, n 7) or low body condition score (LBCS; <2, n 6), thereby enabling us to examine the effect of maternal body composition on later cardiovascular function. From day 80 to term (approximately 147 d) all sheep were fed to 100 % ME. Offspring were weaned at 12 weeks and pasture-reared until 6 months of age when cardiovascular function was determined. Both LBCS and NR sheep tended to have lower resting systolic (control, 85 (se 2); LBCS, 77 (se 3); NR, 77 (se 3) mmHg) and diastolic blood pressure relative to controls. Total nephron count was markedly lower in both LBCS and NR relative to controls (LBCS, 59 (se 6); NR, 56 (se 12) %). Our data suggest that maternal body composition around conception is as important as the level of nutrient intake during early pregnancy in programming later cardiovascular health.
产前饮食可使个体的心血管系统朝着日后更高的静息血压和肾功能障碍发展，但其编程反应在多大程度上直接由母体营养干预的时机决定尚不清楚。在本研究中，我们研究了在胎盘生长高峰期（即妊娠第28 - 80天）进行的母体营养限制是否会导致幼年后代血压改变或肾脏发育异常。研究选取了在妊娠第28至80天期间，其母羊分别喂食对照饮食（该妊娠阶段推荐代谢能（ME）摄入量的100 - 150%）或营养限制饮食（NR；50% ME；n = 6）的6月龄绵羊。对照组还根据正常体况评分（>3，n = 7）或低体况评分（LBCS；<2，n = 6）进行分组，从而使我们能够研究母体身体组成对后期心血管功能的影响。从第80天到足月（约147天），所有绵羊均喂食至100% ME。后代在12周时断奶，然后在牧场饲养至6月龄时测定心血管功能。与对照组相比，LBCS组和NR组绵羊的静息收缩压（对照组，85（标准误2）；LBCS组，77（标准误3）；NR组，77（标准误3）mmHg）和舒张压均趋于降低。LBCS组和NR组的总肾单位计数相对于对照组均显著降低（LBCS组，59（标准误6）；NR组，56（标准误12）%）。我们的数据表明，受孕前后的母体身体组成与妊娠早期的营养摄入水平在规划后期心血管健康方面同样重要。
