Kuroda K, Yamaguchi Y, Endo G
Osaka City Institute of Public Health and Environmental Sciences, Japan.
Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 1992 Jul;23(1):13-8. doi: 10.1007/BF00225990.
Genotoxicity of 10 pesticides (chlornitrofen, chlomethoxyfen, molinate, thiobencarb, simazine, simetryn, diazinon, iprofenfos, piperofos and oxadiazone) was studied by mitotic toxicity, sister chromatid exchange, and rec assay. The pesticides are detected frequently at high levels in the Yodo River water in Osaka, Japan, which is used for drinking water by thirteen million people. Mitotic toxicity was evaluated by mitotic index (MI) and second mitosis index (SI), using a Chinese hamster cell line V79. SI is the rate of twice divided metaphases in chromosome preparation for sister chromatid exchange. All the pesticides decreased the two indices dose-dependently. MI50 and SI50, the concentrations of pesticides which lowered the indices to 50% of the solvent control, was determined. The MI50 and SI50 of each pesticide were very similar, and the pesticides did not hinder cell division specifically. None of the pesticides induced more sister chromatid exchanges than 1.5 times the solvent control. Chlomethoxyfen and simazine induced sister chromatid exchanges significantly in V79 cells, but the dose dependencies were poor. Simetryn had rec effect and was concluded to have DNA damaging activity.
通过有丝分裂毒性、姐妹染色单体交换和rec试验研究了10种农药（氯硝酚、氯甲氧基苯、禾草敌、杀草丹、西玛津、西草净、二嗪农、异稻瘟净、哌草磷和恶草酮）的遗传毒性。在日本大阪淀川河水中，这些农药经常被检测到高含量，而该河水是1300万人的饮用水源。使用中国仓鼠细胞系V79，通过有丝分裂指数（MI）和第二次有丝分裂指数（SI）评估有丝分裂毒性。SI是用于姐妹染色单体交换的染色体标本中两次分裂中期的比率。所有农药均剂量依赖性地降低了这两个指数。测定了使指数降至溶剂对照50%的农药浓度MI50和SI50。每种农药的MI50和SI50非常相似，且这些农药不会特异性地阻碍细胞分裂。没有一种农药诱导的姐妹染色单体交换比溶剂对照多1.5倍。氯甲氧基苯和西玛津在V79细胞中显著诱导姐妹染色单体交换，但剂量依赖性较差。西草净具有rec效应，得出其具有DNA损伤活性的结论。
