Moreno Silvia, Scheyer Tamara, Romano Catalina S, Vojnov Adrián A
Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas, Buenos Aires I.I.B.B.A.-CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Fundación Instituto Leloir, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires, 1405, Argentina.
Free Radic Res. 2006 Feb;40(2):223-31. doi: 10.1080/10715760500473834.
Rosmarinus officinalis extracts were investigated by a combination of bioassays and biochemical analysis to identify bioactive compounds. The 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydracyl hydrate (DPPH) radical scavenging method, Folin-Ciocaulteau method and HPLC chromatography were used to study the distribution and levels of antioxidants (AOXs). Antimicrobial activity analysis was carried out using the disk diffusion and broth dilution techniques. A good correlation between the AOX activities and total phenol content in the extracts was found. Although all rosemary extracts showed a high radical scavenging activity, a different efficacy as antimicrobial agent was observed. Methanol extract containing 30% of carnosic acid, 16% of carnosol and 5% of rosmarinic acid was the most effective antimicrobial against Gram positive bacteria (minimal inhibition concentration, MIC, between 2 and 15 mug/ml), Gram negative bacteria (MIC between 2 and 60 mug/ml) and yeast (MIC of 4 mug/ml). By contrast, water extract containing only 15% of rosmarinic acid showed a narrow activity. MIC value of the methanol and water extracts is in a good correlation with the values obtained with pure carnosic acid and rosmarinic acid, respectively. Therefore, our results suggested that the antimicrobial rosemary extracts efficacy was associated with their specific phenolic composition. Carnosic acid and rosmarinic acid may be the main bioactive antimicrobial compounds present in rosemary extracts. From a practical point of view, rosemary extract may be a good candidate for functional foods as well as for pharmaceutical plant-based products.
通过生物测定和生化分析相结合的方法对迷迭香叶提取物进行了研究，以鉴定生物活性化合物。采用2,2-二苯基-1-苦基肼基水合物（DPPH）自由基清除法、福林-酚法和高效液相色谱法研究了抗氧化剂（AOXs）的分布和含量。采用纸片扩散法和肉汤稀释法进行抗菌活性分析。发现提取物中的AOX活性与总酚含量之间具有良好的相关性。尽管所有迷迭香提取物均表现出较高的自由基清除活性，但作为抗菌剂的效果却有所不同。含有30% 鼠尾草酸、16% 鼠尾草酚和5% 迷迭香酸的甲醇提取物对革兰氏阳性菌（最低抑菌浓度，MIC，介于2至15μg/ml之间）、革兰氏阴性菌（MIC介于2至60μg/ml之间）和酵母（MIC为4μg/ml）的抗菌效果最为显著。相比之下，仅含有15% 迷迭香酸的水提取物活性范围较窄。甲醇提取物和水提取物的MIC值分别与纯鼠尾草酸和迷迭香酸获得的值具有良好的相关性。因此，我们的结果表明，迷迭香提取物的抗菌效果与其特定的酚类成分有关。鼠尾草酸和迷迭香酸可能是迷迭香提取物中主要的生物活性抗菌化合物。从实际应用的角度来看，迷迭香提取物可能是功能性食品以及植物源药品的良好选择。
