Cha Sung-Jae, Mori Akio, Chadee Dave D, Severson David W
Center for Tropical Disease Research and Training, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2006 Jan;74(1):62-8.
Control of arthropod-borne diseases based on population replacement with genetically modified non-competent vectors has been proposed as a promising alternative to conventional control strategies. Due to likely fitness costs associated with vectors manipulated to carry anti-pathogen effector genes, the effector genes will need to be coupled with a strong drive system to rapidly sweep them into natural populations. Endogenous meiotic drive systems have strong and stable population replacement potential, and have previously been reported in two mosquito species: Aedes aegypti and Culex pipiens. To investigate the influence of an endogenous meiotic drive gene on Ae. aegypti population dynamics, we established three experimental population types that were initiated with 100%, 10%, and 1% male mosquitoes carrying a strong meiotic driver (T37 strain) and 100% sensitive females (RED strain), respectively. Among the 100% and 10% populations, early generations were highly male biased, which reflected the effects of the meiotic driver, and remained more than 60% male by the F(15). A genetic marker tightly linked with the meiotic driver on chromosome 1 showed strong selection for the T37 strain-specific allele. Similar but reduced effects of the meiotic driver were also observed in the 1% populations. These results suggest that release of Ae. aegypti males carrying a strong meiotic driver into drive sensitive populations can be an effective tool for population replacement, and provide a foundation for additional studies including both experimental populations and simulations by mathematical modeling.
基于用转基因无传播能力的病媒进行种群替换来控制节肢动物传播疾病，已被提议作为传统控制策略的一种有前景的替代方法。由于对携带抗病原体效应基因的病媒进行操控可能会带来适应性成本，效应基因将需要与一个强大的驱动系统相结合，以便迅速将它们引入自然种群。内源性减数分裂驱动系统具有强大且稳定的种群替换潜力，此前已在两种蚊子中被报道：埃及伊蚊和致倦库蚊。为了研究一个内源性减数分裂驱动基因对埃及伊蚊种群动态的影响，我们建立了三种实验种群类型，分别由携带强大减数分裂驱动基因（T37 品系）的 100%、10%和 1%的雄蚊以及 100%的敏感雌蚊（RED 品系）起始。在 100%和 10%的种群中，早期世代高度偏向雄性，这反映了减数分裂驱动基因的作用，到 F(15)代时雄性比例仍超过 60%。与 1 号染色体上的减数分裂驱动基因紧密连锁的一个遗传标记显示出对 T37 品系特异性等位基因的强烈选择。在 1%的种群中也观察到了减数分裂驱动基因类似但减弱的效应。这些结果表明，将携带强大减数分裂驱动基因的埃及伊蚊雄蚊释放到对驱动敏感的种群中可以成为种群替换的一种有效工具，并为包括实验种群和数学建模模拟在内的进一步研究奠定基础。
