Gwede Clement K, McDermott Robert J
Department of Interdisciplinary Oncology/Moffitt Cancer Center at the University of South Florida College of Medicine in Tampa, Florida, USA.
Health Promot Pract. 2006 Jan;7(1):134-46. doi: 10.1177/1524839904263682.
Prostate cancer is a major health problem for U.S. men and is characterized by paradoxes and controversies. Despite the wide availability of the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test, prostate cancer screening remains a controversial practice mainly because the direct impact of screening on mortality is not yet proven. As the relative value of screening, early detection, and treatment strategies continue to be debated, glaring racial-ethnic disparities persist with African American men experiencing excess morbidity and mortality and demonstrating the lowest screening rates among racial-ethnic groups. Given the prevailing controversy, uncertainty, and known disparities, how can health education messages be framed to assist men and their family members? This article highlights the ethnic disparities, paradoxes, and controversies of prostate cancer and identifies critical challenges and opportunities for health educators and clinical practitioners. Implications for health promotion communications and informed decision making in this era of uncertainty are discussed.
前列腺癌是美国男性面临的一个主要健康问题，其特点是存在诸多矛盾和争议。尽管前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）检测广泛可用，但前列腺癌筛查仍是一种有争议的做法，主要原因是筛查对死亡率的直接影响尚未得到证实。随着筛查、早期检测和治疗策略的相对价值不断受到争论，明显的种族差异依然存在，非裔美国男性发病率和死亡率过高，且在各种族群体中筛查率最低。鉴于当前存在的争议、不确定性和已知的差异，如何构建健康教育信息来帮助男性及其家庭成员呢？本文强调了前列腺癌的种族差异、矛盾和争议，并为健康教育工作者和临床从业者确定了关键挑战与机遇。还讨论了在这个不确定性时代对健康促进传播和明智决策的影响。
