Miadoková Eva, Svidová Sona, Vlcková Viera, Dúhová Viola, Nad'ová Slavomíra, Rauko Peter, Kogan Grigorij
Department of Genetics, Faculty of Sciences, Comenius University, 84215 Bratislava, Slovakia.
Toxicol In Vitro. 2006 Aug;20(5):649-57. doi: 10.1016/j.tiv.2005.12.001. Epub 2006 Jan 18.
Using four experimental model systems, it was demonstrated that glucomannan (GM) isolated from the cell wall of the industrial yeast Candida utilis revealed a broad range of protective activities. This effect depended on the nature and mode of action of the counteracting genotoxic compound as well as on the experimental model system used. In the Saccharomyces bioprotectivity assay, GM increased resistance towards ofloxacin-induced toxicity in the wild type and recombination repair-deficient yeast strains significantly enhancing survival of the cells. In the chromosomal aberration assay, GM exerted anticlastogenic effect against maleic hydrazide induced clastogenicity in Vicia faba L. In the DNA-topology assay, GM protected plasmid DNA from the breaks induced by Fe(2+) ions, but enhanced damage induced by bleomycin and hydrogen peroxide. In the cell-revitalization assay, it enhanced cytotoxic/cytostatic effect of teniposide applied to mouse leukemia cells. Thus, depending on the experimental model, GM acted as antimutagen, anticlastogen, DNA breaks inhibitor or inducer, and as cytotoxic/cytostatic effect enhancer. Several possible mechanisms of bioprotective action underlying the observed activities are suggested including iron chelation and free radical scavenging. The results imply that GM is a polysaccharide with marked biological activities and suggest its potential biomedical application, especially in combination with other bioactive compounds.
使用四个实验模型系统，结果表明从工业酵母产朊假丝酵母细胞壁中分离出的葡甘露聚糖（GM）具有广泛的保护活性。这种效果取决于对抗遗传毒性化合物的性质和作用方式以及所使用的实验模型系统。在酿酒酵母生物保护试验中，GM显著提高了野生型和重组修复缺陷酵母菌株对氧氟沙星诱导毒性的抗性，增强了细胞的存活率。在染色体畸变试验中，GM对马来酰肼诱导的蚕豆属植物蚕豆的致断裂性发挥了抗断裂作用。在DNA拓扑试验中，GM保护质粒DNA免受Fe(2+)离子诱导的断裂，但增强了博来霉素和过氧化氢诱导的损伤。在细胞复苏试验中，它增强了应用于小鼠白血病细胞的替尼泊苷的细胞毒性/细胞生长抑制作用。因此，根据实验模型的不同，GM可作为抗诱变剂、抗断裂剂、DNA断裂抑制剂或诱导剂，以及细胞毒性/细胞生长抑制作用增强剂。文中提出了观察到的活性背后几种可能的生物保护作用机制，包括铁螯合和自由基清除。结果表明GM是一种具有显著生物活性的多糖，并暗示了其潜在的生物医学应用，特别是与其他生物活性化合物联合使用时。
