Colder C R, Chassin L
Department of Psychology, Loyola University of Chicago, IL 60626, USA.
Dev Psychopathol. 1999 Spring;11(2):321-48. doi: 10.1017/s0954579499002084.
Most previous research has assumed that adolescent alcohol use and problem use represent a continuum and are influenced by the same psychosocial factors, with problem use representing more severe psychosocial impairment. The current study evaluated this assumption by identifying the correlates of adolescent alcohol use and those of problem use. Using a community sample of adolescent children of alcoholics (COAs) and a demographically matched comparison group (non-COAs), a typology of adolescent alcohol use was created, and alcohol use groups were compared on variables chosen from nine psychosocial domains. The correlates of problem alcohol use were different from those of moderate use. Problem use was associated with fundamental family disruptions and poor psychological functioning. In contrast, the determinants of moderate alcohol use reflected unconventionality and socialization specific to alcohol. Few psychosocial variables distinguished abstainers from light drinkers. Intervention and methodological implications of these findings are discussed.
以往的大多数研究都假定，青少年饮酒及问题性饮酒代表着一个连续体，且受相同的心理社会因素影响，问题性饮酒代表着更严重的心理社会损害。本研究通过确定青少年饮酒及问题性饮酒的相关因素来评估这一假设。利用一个由酗酒者的青少年子女（COA）组成的社区样本以及一个人口统计学匹配的对照组（非COA），创建了青少年饮酒类型，并在从九个心理社会领域选取的变量上对饮酒群体进行了比较。问题性饮酒的相关因素与适度饮酒的相关因素不同。问题性饮酒与家庭基本破裂及心理功能不佳有关。相比之下，适度饮酒的决定因素反映了与酒精相关的非传统性和社交性。很少有心理社会变量能区分戒酒者和轻度饮酒者。本文讨论了这些研究结果的干预及方法学意义。
