Coligan J E, Schnute W C, Kindt T J
J Immunol. 1975 Jun;114(6):1654-8.
Structural studies on the carbohydrates of Groups A, C, and A-variant (AV) streptococci have utilized periodate oxidation, permethylation analysis, and immunochemical comparison of intact and periodate-oxidized polysaccharides. The data indicate that a similar 1,2- and 1,3-linked rhamnose chain is present in both the A and AV carbohydrates. The group A carbohydrate contains in addition N-acetylglucosamine residues at nonreducing terminals, whereas the AV is a homopolymer of rhamnose. There is some evidence that Group Ccarbohydrate contains the same rhamnose chain, but structural comparisons to the A and AV carbohydrates are complicated by the presence of intrachain N-acetylgalactosamine residues. Periodate oxidation and permethylation analysis show that while approximately 50% of the N-acetylgalactosamine of the Group C carbohydrate occupies terminal positions, the remainder is present as 1,3-linked units. Removal of the nonreducing terminal hexosamine units from the Group A carbohydrate by periodate treatment significantly enhanced its cross-reactivity with AV antiserum, whereas no enhancement was observed after similar treatment of the Group C carbohydrate. The data indicate the presence of an alpha-1,3-linked N-acetylgalactosamine disaccharide at the nonreducing terminal of the Group C carbohydrate.
对A、C和A变异株（AV）链球菌碳水化合物的结构研究采用了高碘酸盐氧化、全甲基化分析以及完整多糖和高碘酸盐氧化多糖的免疫化学比较。数据表明，A和AV碳水化合物中都存在类似的1,2-和1,3-连接的鼠李糖链。A群碳水化合物在非还原末端还含有N-乙酰葡糖胺残基，而AV是鼠李糖的同聚物。有一些证据表明C群碳水化合物含有相同的鼠李糖链，但由于链内N-乙酰半乳糖胺残基的存在，与A和AV碳水化合物的结构比较变得复杂。高碘酸盐氧化和全甲基化分析表明，虽然C群碳水化合物中约50%的N-乙酰半乳糖胺占据末端位置，但其余部分以1,3-连接单元的形式存在。通过高碘酸盐处理从A群碳水化合物中去除非还原末端的己糖胺单元显著增强了其与AV抗血清的交叉反应性，而对C群碳水化合物进行类似处理后未观察到增强。数据表明C群碳水化合物的非还原末端存在α-1,3-连接的N-乙酰半乳糖胺二糖。
