Hamilton Maryellen, Geraci Lisa
Department of Psychology, Saint Peter's College, Jersey City, NJ 07306, USA.
Am J Psychol. 2006 Spring;119(1):1-20.
According to leading theories, the picture superiority effect is driven by conceptual processing, yet this effect has been difficult to obtain using conceptual implicit memory tests. We hypothesized that the picture superiority effect results from conceptual processing of a picture's distinctive features rather than a picture's semantic features. To test this hypothesis, we used 2 conceptual implicit general knowledge tests; one cued conceptually distinctive features (e.g., "What animal has large eyes?") and the other cued semantic features (e.g., "What animal is the figurehead of Tootsie Roll?"). Results showed a picture superiority effect only on the conceptual test using distinctive cues, supporting our hypothesis that this effect is mediated by conceptual processing of a picture's distinctive features.
根据主流理论，图片优势效应是由概念加工驱动的，但使用概念性内隐记忆测试很难获得这种效应。我们假设图片优势效应源于对图片独特特征而非语义特征的概念加工。为了验证这一假设，我们使用了两项概念性内隐常识测试；一项提示概念性独特特征（例如，“什么动物眼睛大？”），另一项提示语义特征（例如，“什么动物是好时巧克力的象征？”）。结果显示，只有在使用独特线索的概念测试中才出现了图片优势效应，这支持了我们的假设，即这种效应是由对图片独特特征的概念加工介导的。
