Wang Haichao, Ward Mary F, Fan Xue-Gong, Sama Andrew E, Li Wei
Department of Emergency Medicine, North Shore University Hospital--New York University School of Medicine, Manhasset, New York 11030, USA.
Viral Immunol. 2006 Spring;19(1):3-9. doi: 10.1089/vim.2006.19.3.
A nuclear protein, high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), is released passively by necrotic cells and actively by macrophages/monocytes in response to exogenous and endogenous inflammatory stimuli. After binding to the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), or Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), HMGB1 activates macrophages/monocytes to express proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and adhesion molecules. Pharmacological suppression of its activities or release is protective against lethal endotoxemia and sepsis, establishing HMGB1 as a critical mediator of lethal systemic inflammation. In light of observations that many viruses (e.g., West Nile virus, Salmon anemia virus) can induce passive HMGB1 release, we propose a potential pathogenic role of HMGB1 in viral infectious diseases.
一种核蛋白,即高迁移率族蛋白B1(HMGB1),可由坏死细胞被动释放,并由巨噬细胞/单核细胞在对外源性和内源性炎症刺激作出反应时主动释放。在与晚期糖基化终产物受体(RAGE)或Toll样受体4(TLR4)结合后,HMGB1激活巨噬细胞/单核细胞以表达促炎细胞因子、趋化因子和黏附分子。对其活性或释放进行药理抑制可预防致死性内毒素血症和脓毒症,从而确立了HMGB1作为致死性全身炎症关键介质的地位。鉴于许多病毒(如西尼罗河病毒、鲑鱼贫血病毒)可诱导HMGB1被动释放这一观察结果,我们提出HMGB1在病毒感染性疾病中具有潜在致病作用。