Jescheniak Jörg D, Hahne Anja, Hoffmann Stefanie, Wagner Valentin
Department of Psychology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 2006 Mar;32(2):373-86. doi: 10.1037/0278-7393.32.3.373.
There is a long-standing debate in the area of speech production on the question of whether only words selected for articulation are phonologically activated (as maintained by serial-discrete models) or whether this is also true for their semantic competitors (as maintained by forward-cascading and interactive models). Past research has addressed this issue by testing whether retrieval of a target word (e.g., cat) affects--or is affected by--the processing of a word that is phonologically related to a semantic category coordinate of the target (e.g., doll, related to dog) and has consistently failed to obtain such mediated effects in adult speakers. The authors present a series of experiments demonstrating that mediated effects are present in children (around age 7) and diminish with increasing age. This observation provides further evidence for cascaded models of lexical retrieval.
在言语产生领域，长期以来存在着一场争论，即是否只有被选择用于发音的单词才会在语音层面被激活（如串行离散模型所主张的），还是其语义竞争者也同样如此（如前向级联和交互模型所主张的）。过去的研究通过测试目标词（如“猫”）的检索是否会影响——或受到——与目标词的语义类别坐标在语音上相关的词（如“玩偶”，与“狗”相关）的处理的影响，来解决这个问题，并且一直未能在成年说话者中获得这种中介效应。作者进行了一系列实验，证明中介效应在儿童（约7岁）中存在，并且随着年龄的增长而减弱。这一观察结果为词汇检索的级联模型提供了进一步的证据。
