Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464, Japan.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Feb;82(3):820-3. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.3.820.
We have constructed a phylogenic tree for green plants by comparing 5S rRNA sequences. The tree suggests that the emergence of most of the uni- and multicellular green algae such as Chlamydomonas, Spirogyra, Ulva, and Chlorella occurred in the early stage of green plant evolution. The branching point of Nitella is a little earlier than that of land plants and much later than that of the above green algae, supporting the view that Nitella-like green algae may be the direct precursor to land plants. The Bryophyta and the Pteridophyta separated from each other after emergence of the Spermatophyta. The result is consistent with the view that the Bryophyta evolved from ferns by degeneration. In the Pteridophyta, Psilotum (whisk fern) separated first, and a little later Lycopodium (club moss) separated from the ancestor common to Equisetum (horsetail) and Dryopteris (fern). This order is in accordance with the classical view. During the Spermatophyta evolution, the gymnosperms (Cycas, Ginkgo, and Metasequoia have been studied here) and the angiosperms (flowering plants) separated, and this was followed by the separation of Metasequoia and Cycas (cycad)/Ginkgo (maidenhair tree) on one branch and various flowering plants on the other.
我们通过比较 5S rRNA 序列构建了绿色植物的系统发育树。该树表明，大多数单细胞和多细胞绿藻（如衣藻、水绵、石莼和小球藻）的出现发生在绿色植物进化的早期阶段。轮藻的分支点比陆生植物稍早，但比上述绿藻晚，这支持了轮藻状绿藻可能是陆生植物的直接前体的观点。苔藓植物和蕨类植物在种子植物出现后彼此分离。这一结果与苔藓植物是由蕨类植物退化而来的观点一致。在蕨类植物中，木贼（木贼）首先分离，而石松（石松）比马尾松（马尾松）和贯众（蕨类植物）共同的祖先稍晚分离。这个顺序与经典观点一致。在种子植物进化过程中，裸子植物（这里研究了苏铁、银杏和水杉）和被子植物（开花植物）分离，随后水杉和苏铁（苏铁）/银杏（银杉）在一个分支上分离，而各种开花植物在另一个分支上分离。
