Nieman D C, Henson D A, Dumke C L, Lind R H, Shooter L R, Gross S J
Department of Health, Leisure and Exercise Science, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC 28608, USA.
J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2006 Mar;46(1):158-62.
The relationship between salivary IgA secretion rate and upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) was studied in 155 ultramarathoners (126 males, 29 females, mean age 46.5+/-0.7 y) who had qualified to run the 160-km 2003 Western States Endurance Run.
Subjects provided saliva samples during registration, held the morning before the race, and within 5-10 minutes postrace (mean race time, 26.2+/-0.3 h). Unstimulated saliva was collected by expectoration for 4 minutes into 15-mL plastic, sterilized vials. Runners finishing the race and providing pre- and postrace saliva samples (n=106) turned in a health log specifying URTI episodes and severity of symptoms for the 2-week period following the race.
The total volume of saliva that the runners was able to expectorate during sample collection decreased 51% postrace compared to prerace values (P<0.001). Saliva protein concentration increased 20% (P<0.001) while the saliva protein IgA concentration decreased 10% (P<0.05). Salivary IgA secretion rate decreased 46% when comparing pre- to postrace values (P<0.001). Twenty-four percent of the runners finishing the race and providing salivary samples reported an URTI episode lasting 2 days or longer during the 2-week period following the race (mean number of days with symptoms was 5.4+/-0.6 days). The decrease in salivary IgA secretion rate (pre- to postrace) was 53% greater in the 25 runners reporting URTI (-355+/-45 microg/min) compared to the 81 runners not reporting URTI (-232+/-37 microg/min), (P=0.04).
In summary, nearly 1 in 4 runners reported an URTI episode during the 2-week period following a 160-km race, and the decrease in salivary IgA secretion rate was significantly greater in these runners compared to those not reporting URTI.
在155名有资格参加2003年西部160公里耐力跑的超级马拉松运动员（126名男性，29名女性，平均年龄46.5±0.7岁）中，研究唾液免疫球蛋白A分泌率与上呼吸道感染（URTI）之间的关系。
受试者在报名时、比赛当天上午开赛前以及赛后5 - 10分钟（平均比赛时间为26.2±0.3小时）提供唾液样本。通过咳痰4分钟，将未刺激的唾液收集到15毫升塑料无菌小瓶中。完成比赛并提供赛前和赛后唾液样本的跑步者（n = 106）提交一份健康日志，记录比赛后2周内的URTI发作情况和症状严重程度。
与赛前相比，跑步者在样本采集期间能够咳出的唾液总量在赛后减少了51%（P < 0.001）。唾液蛋白浓度增加了20%（P < 0.001），而唾液蛋白免疫球蛋白A浓度下降了10%（P < 0.05）。比较赛前和赛后值，唾液免疫球蛋白A分泌率下降了46%（P < 0.001）。完成比赛并提供唾液样本的跑步者中有24%报告在比赛后的2周内有持续2天或更长时间的URTI发作（症状持续天数的平均值为5.4±0.6天）。报告有URTI的25名跑步者（-355±45微克/分钟）与未报告URTI的81名跑步者（-232±37微克/分钟）相比，赛后唾液免疫球蛋白A分泌率的下降幅度（赛前到赛后）大53%，（P = 0.04）。
总之，近四分之一的跑步者在160公里比赛后的2周内报告有URTI发作，与未报告URTI的跑步者相比，这些跑步者的唾液免疫球蛋白A分泌率下降幅度明显更大。
