Bolognesi Claudia, Perrone Emanuela, Roggieri Paola, Pampanin Daniela M, Sciutto Andrea
Environmental Carcinogenesis Unit, National Institute for Research on Cancer, L.go Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
Aquat Toxicol. 2006 Jun 1;78 Suppl 1:S93-8. doi: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2006.02.015. Epub 2006 Apr 4.
The aim of the present study was to standardize and to assess the predictive value of the cytogenetic analysis by MN test in fish erythrocytes as a biomarker for marine environmental contamination. MN frequency baseline in erythrocytes was evaluated in a number of fish species from a reference area (S. Teresa, La Spezia Gulf) and genotoxic potential of a number of common chemical contaminants and mixtures was determined in fish experimentally exposed in aquarium under controlled conditions. Fish (Scophthalmus maximus) were exposed for 3 weeks to 50 ppb of single chemicals (dialkyl phthalate, bisphenol A, tetrabromodiphenyl ether), 30 ppb nonylphenol and mixtures (North Sea oil and North Sea oil with alkylated phenols). Chromosomal damage was determined as micronuclei (MN) frequency in fish erythrocytes. Nuclear anomalies such as blebbed, notched and lobed nuclei were also recorded. Significant increase in MN frequency was observed in erythrocytes of fish exposed to bisphenol A and tetrabromodiphenylether. Chemical mixture North Sea oil+alkylated phenols induced the highest MN frequency (2.95 micronucleated cells/1000 cells compared to 1 MNcell/1000 cells in control animals). The study results revealed that micronucleus test, as an index of cumulative exposure, appears to be a sensitive model to evaluate genotoxic compounds in fish under controlled conditions.
本研究的目的是规范并评估鱼类红细胞微核试验细胞遗传学分析作为海洋环境污染生物标志物的预测价值。在一个参考区域（拉斯佩齐亚湾的圣特雷莎）的多种鱼类中评估了红细胞微核频率基线，并在受控条件下于水族箱中对鱼类进行实验性暴露，测定了多种常见化学污染物及混合物的遗传毒性潜力。将鱼类（大菱鲆）暴露于50 ppb的单一化学物质（邻苯二甲酸二烷基酯、双酚A、四溴二苯醚）、30 ppb壬基酚及混合物（北海油以及添加烷基酚的北海油）中3周。以鱼类红细胞中的微核（MN）频率来确定染色体损伤情况。还记录了核异常情况，如核膨出、有缺刻和分叶的细胞核。在暴露于双酚A和四溴二苯醚的鱼类红细胞中观察到微核频率显著增加。化学混合物北海油 + 烷基酚诱导出的微核频率最高（每1000个细胞中有2.95个微核细胞，而对照动物为每1000个细胞中有1个微核细胞）。研究结果表明，微核试验作为累积暴露指标，似乎是在受控条件下评估鱼类中遗传毒性化合物的敏感模型。
