Giepmans Ben N G, Adams Stephen R, Ellisman Mark H, Tsien Roger Y
National Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research, Center for Research in Biological Systems, Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
Science. 2006 Apr 14;312(5771):217-24. doi: 10.1126/science.1124618.
Advances in molecular biology, organic chemistry, and materials science have recently created several new classes of fluorescent probes for imaging in cell biology. Here we review the characteristic benefits and limitations of fluorescent probes to study proteins. The focus is on protein detection in live versus fixed cells: determination of protein expression, localization, activity state, and the possibility for combination of fluorescent light microscopy with electron microscopy. Small organic fluorescent dyes, nanocrystals ("quantum dots"), autofluorescent proteins, small genetic encoded tags that can be complexed with fluorochromes, and combinations of these probes are highlighted.
分子生物学、有机化学和材料科学的进展近来催生了几类用于细胞生物学成像的新型荧光探针。在此，我们综述荧光探针在研究蛋白质方面的独特优势与局限。重点在于活细胞与固定细胞中的蛋白质检测：蛋白质表达、定位、活性状态的测定，以及荧光光学显微镜与电子显微镜联用的可能性。小型有机荧光染料、纳米晶体（“量子点”）、自发荧光蛋白、可与荧光染料络合的小型基因编码标签，以及这些探针的组合均被重点介绍。
