Dewhurst Stephen A, Hay Dennis C, Wickham Lee H V
Department of Psychology, Lancaster University, England, UK.
Psychon Bull Rev. 2005 Dec;12(6):1032-7. doi: 10.3758/bf03206439.
In this study, participants rated previously unseen faces on six dimensions: familiarity, distinctiveness, attractiveness, memorability, typicality, and resemblance to a familiar person. The faces were then presented again in a recognition test in which participants assigned their positive recognition decisions to either remember (R), know (K), or guess categories. On all dimensions except typicality, faces that were categorized as R responses were associated with significantly higher ratings than were faces categorized as K responses. Study ratings for R and K responses were then subjected to a principal components analysis. The factor loadings suggested that R responses were influenced primarily by the distinctiveness of faces, but K responses were influenced by moderate ratings on all six dimensions. These findings indicate that the structural features of a face influence the subjective experience of recognition.
在本研究中，参与者对之前未见过的面孔在六个维度上进行评分：熟悉度、独特性、吸引力、可记忆性、典型性以及与熟悉之人的相似度。随后，这些面孔在识别测试中再次呈现，参与者将他们的肯定识别决定归为记住（R）、知道（K）或猜测类别。在除典型性之外的所有维度上，被归类为R反应的面孔与显著高于被归类为K反应的面孔的评分相关。然后，对R和K反应的研究评分进行主成分分析。因子载荷表明，R反应主要受面孔独特性的影响，而K反应则受所有六个维度的中等评分的影响。这些发现表明，面孔的结构特征会影响识别的主观体验。
