Simpore Jacques, Savadogo Aly, Ilboudo Denise, Nadambega Marie Christelle, Esposito Maria, Yara Justine, Pignatelli Salvatore, Pietra Virginio, Musumeci Salvatore
Saint Camille Medical Centre, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
J Med Virol. 2006 Jun;78(6):730-3. doi: 10.1002/jmv.20615.
Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infections can cause serious complications in HIV-infected pregnant women, leading to miscarriage, stillbirth, birth defects (e.g., mental retardation, blindness, epilepsy etc.) and could favor or enhance the mother-to-child transmission of HCV, HBV, and HIV vertical transmission. From May 20, 2004 to August 3, 2005, 336 18-45 years aged pregnant women, were enrolled for an investigation of the prevalence of serum antibodies against T. gondii, HCV, HBV, and HIV using ELISA. The prevalence of T. gondii, HCV, and HBV in pregnant women was 25.3%, 5.4%, and 9.8%, respectively and the HIV serostatus (61.6%) seems to be associated with greater prevalence rates of both T. gondii (28.5% vs. 20.2%) and HBV (11.6% vs. 7.0%). Without taking into account HIV, only 65.5% (220 of 336) of the women were not infected with these agents. The co-infection rate between HIV-infected and -negative women was different statistically: T. gondii/HBV 0.048 versus 0.015, T. gondii/HCV 0.014 versus 0.008, and HCV/HBV 0.005 versus 0.008, respectively. The elevated co-infection rate in HIV-positive women demonstrated that they are exposed to T. gondii, HCV, and HBV infections prevalently by sexual contact.
弓形虫感染可在感染HIV的孕妇中引发严重并发症，导致流产、死产、出生缺陷（如智力发育迟缓、失明、癫痫等），并可能促进或增强丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）、乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）的母婴传播以及HIV的垂直传播。2004年5月20日至2005年8月3日，招募了336名年龄在18至45岁的孕妇，采用酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA）对其血清中抗弓形虫、HCV、HBV和HIV抗体的流行情况进行调查。孕妇中弓形虫、HCV和HBV的感染率分别为25.3%、5.4%和9.8%，而HIV血清学状态（61.6%）似乎与弓形虫（28.5%对20.2%）和HBV（11.6%对7.0%）的更高感染率相关。不考虑HIV因素，只有65.5%（336名中的220名）的女性未感染这些病原体。HIV感染女性和未感染女性之间的合并感染率在统计学上存在差异：弓形虫/HBV分别为0.048对0.015，弓形虫/HCV分别为0.014对0.008，HCV/HBV分别为0.005对0.008。HIV阳性女性中较高的合并感染率表明，她们主要通过性接触感染弓形虫、HCV和HBV。
