Worm Margitta, Forschner Karin, Lee Hae-Hyuk, Roehr Charles Christoph, Edenharter Günter, Niggemann Bodo, Zuberbier Torsten
Allergy-Centre-Charité, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, D-10117 Berlin, Germany.
Acta Derm Venereol. 2006;86(2):119-22. doi: 10.2340/00015555-0028.
Many factors may aggravate atopic dermatitis. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of atopic dermatitis in an unselected population sample and to evaluate the role of food allergy. Patients with atopic dermatitis were recruited from the population in Berlin, Germany, using a postal questionnaire. Skin prick tests for allergens were performed, followed by food challenges. A total of 1739 questionnaires was returned. In all, 23.5% of patients stated that they had atopic dermatitis, and 146 persons (8.4%) fulfilled our atopic dermatitis criteria after a detailed telephone interview. Of these, 111 were examined, and 28 (1.6%) were identified as currently suffering from atopic dermatitis. Twenty-seven patients were further evaluated: 9/27 were found to be skin prick test negative, 19/27 were skin prick test positive either to pollen and/or food allergens. Nine of 27 were challenged with the suspected food allergen: 1/9 showed a worsening of the eczema, 3/9 had oral symptoms, and 5/9 were negative. In conclusion, only 20% of adults with a positive history of atopic dermatitis show active eczema lesions at a given time point. The data indicate that most individuals with atopic dermatitis were sensitized against pollen allergens and according to that, pollen-associated food allergens. A non-selected AD patient cohort does not frequently suffer from clinically relevant pollen-associated food allergy.
许多因素可能会加重特应性皮炎。本研究的目的是确定未经过筛选的人群样本中特应性皮炎的发病率，并评估食物过敏的作用。我们通过邮政问卷从德国柏林的人群中招募了特应性皮炎患者。对过敏原进行了皮肤点刺试验，随后进行食物激发试验。共收到1739份问卷。总体而言，23.5%的患者表示他们患有特应性皮炎，经过详细的电话访谈后，有146人（8.4%）符合我们的特应性皮炎标准。其中，对111人进行了检查，有28人（1.6%）被确定目前患有特应性皮炎。对27名患者进行了进一步评估：27人中9人皮肤点刺试验阴性，19人对花粉和/或食物过敏原皮肤点刺试验呈阳性。27人中有9人接受了可疑食物过敏原的激发试验：9人中有1人湿疹加重，3人出现口腔症状，5人试验结果为阴性。总之，在有特应性皮炎病史的成年人中，只有20%在特定时间点表现出活动性湿疹皮损。数据表明，大多数特应性皮炎患者对花粉过敏原敏感，并据此对与花粉相关的食物过敏原敏感。未经筛选的特应性皮炎患者队列并不经常患有临床上相关的与花粉相关的食物过敏。
