Ward Kenneth D, Vander Weg Mark W, Relyea George, Debon Margaret, Klesges Robert C
Department of Health and Sport Sciences, and Center for Community Health, University of Memphis, TN 38152, USA.
Prev Med. 2006 Aug;43(2):92-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2006.03.010. Epub 2006 May 3.
Waterpipe smoking, a traditional Middle Eastern tobacco use method, has increased dramatically among Arab adolescents and young adults. Anecdotal evidence also suggests that usage is on the rise among young people in the U.S., but epidemiological data are lacking.
From self-report health surveys collected during 1999-2002, we examined the prevalence and predictors of waterpipe use among U.S. Air Force recruits (n = 20,673; mean age = 20.0 years; range = 17-35).
Waterpipe use was reported by 0.3% (n = 59) of recruits and was unrelated to age, gender, ethnicity, or family income. Compared to non-users, waterpipe users were more likely to plan to smoke cigarettes in the coming year (P value < 0.05) and to believe that switching from cigarettes to other tobacco products reduces smoking-related health risks (P values < 0.002). Multivariate (logistic regression) analyses revealed several factors that distinguished waterpipe users from non-users, including higher education level (odds ratio [OR] = 1.94), having experimented with cigarettes before Basic Military Training (BMT; OR = 1.99), and using cigarettes (OR = 2.17) and other tobacco products (OR = 13.81) at the time of entry into BMT. Compared to recruits who used cigarettes only, waterpipe smokers were more educated (OR = 1.83), more likely to have engaged in experimental (OR = 3.30) or regular (OR = 3.87) use of tobacco products other than cigarettes prior to BMT, and less likely to have been a current (OR = 0.10) or former (OR = 0.11) smoker at the time of entry into BMT.
Despite concerns that waterpipe smoking is increasing among young people in the U.S., use was low among military recruits.
水烟吸食作为中东地区一种传统的烟草使用方式，在阿拉伯青少年和青年中显著增加。传闻证据也表明，美国年轻人中的水烟吸食现象也在增多，但缺乏流行病学数据。
从1999年至2002年收集的自我报告健康调查中，我们研究了美国空军新兵（n = 20,673；平均年龄 = 20.0岁；范围 = 17 - 35岁）中水烟使用的患病率及预测因素。
0.3%（n = 59）的新兵报告有水烟吸食行为，且与年龄、性别、种族或家庭收入无关。与不使用者相比，水烟使用者在来年更有可能计划吸食香烟（P值 < 0.05），并且更有可能认为从香烟转向其他烟草产品可降低与吸烟相关的健康风险（P值 < 0.002）。多变量（逻辑回归）分析揭示了一些区分水烟使用者和非使用者的因素，包括较高的教育水平（优势比[OR] = 1.94）、在基础军事训练（BMT）前曾尝试吸食香烟（OR = 1.99），以及在进入BMT时吸食香烟（OR = 2.17）和其他烟草产品（OR = 13.81）。与仅吸食香烟的新兵相比，水烟吸食者受教育程度更高（OR = 1.83），在BMT前更有可能曾尝试（OR = 3.30）或经常（OR = 3.87）使用除香烟外的其他烟草产品，并且在进入BMT时当前（OR = 0.10）或曾经（OR = 0.11）吸烟的可能性更小。
尽管有人担心美国年轻人中水烟吸食现象在增加，但新兵中的使用率较低。
